My 5th paper
•Download as DOCX, PDF•
0 likes•29 views
This document discusses chemical fractionation on Earth's crust caused by imbalanced chemical shifts, which can be altered by the production ratios of mass to charge. It also examines how velocity expansions should react with alpha measurements by looking at densities that react with new atom formations that can arrange into new proton formats. Finally, it addresses how proton particle accelerators will react with quarks as new particles interact with unified forces.
Report
Share
Report
Share
More Related Content
What's hot
Kinetic molecular theory
The document summarizes the kinetic molecular theory, which proposes that all matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms and molecules that are in constant motion. It traces the origins of the theory back to Democritus in ancient Greece and details how it developed with more evidence over centuries. Key aspects covered include the definition of atoms and molecules, different states of matter (solid, liquid, gas), phases like vapor and plasma, and how temperature relates to the kinetic energy and motion of molecules.
Chapter 10.1 The Kinetic-Molecular Theory
The document describes the kinetic molecular theory of gases and its assumptions: gases are made of particles in continuous random motion with empty space between them, particles undergo elastic collisions, and there are no interparticle forces. It explains how this theory accounts for gas properties like expansion, low density, compressibility, diffusion, and effusion. Real gases can deviate from ideal behavior at high pressures and low temperatures where intermolecular forces become significant.
Kinetic Molecular Theory
1. The kinetic molecular theory describes matter as being made up of tiny particles called atoms and molecules that are in constant motion.
2. Atoms and molecules interact through attractive forces, with solids having the strongest forces and gases having the weakest.
3. The phases of matter - solid, liquid, gas - can be understood in terms of the motion and interaction of their molecules or atoms. Solids have fixed positions while gases have freely moving particles.
Kinetic theory
Kinetic Molecular Theory describes the behavior of gases in terms of particles in motion. It makes several assumptions about the size, motion, and energy of gas particles. Specifically, it assumes that gas particles are small, move randomly in straight lines until colliding elastically, and have a distribution of kinetic energies determined by their masses and velocities. This theory explains the low density, compressibility, and diffusion of gases as well as how temperature and pressure arise from the motion and collisions of gas particles.
Kinetic molecular theory
The 5 principles of kinetic molecular theory state that: gases are made of particles that are far apart with mostly empty space, accounting for their low density and compressibility; particles collide elastically without losing kinetic energy, maintaining a constant temperature; particles are in constant random motion overcoming interparticle attractions except at low temperatures; there are no attractive or repulsive forces between particles, allowing expansion and fluidity; and the average kinetic energy of particles depends on temperature.
Changes in matter lesson
This document discusses different types of changes in matter. It defines physical changes as changes that alter a substance's properties without changing its composition, giving examples like breaking, cutting, dissolving, and changes in state. Chemical changes are defined as changes involving one or more substances turning into new substances. The five states of matter are identified as solid, liquid, gas, plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate. Phase changes between these states are explained. The law of conservation of mass is also defined as mass being neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions.
New chm 152 unit 2 power points sp13
The document discusses chemical equilibrium. It begins by defining chemical equilibrium as a dynamic state where the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal, such that there is no net change in concentrations. It then discusses concepts such as the equilibrium constant K, reaction quotient Q, Le Chatelier's principle, and factors that affect equilibrium like concentration, pressure, temperature, and catalysts. In summary, (1) chemical equilibrium is a dynamic state with equal forward and reverse reaction rates, (2) the equilibrium constant K relates concentrations at equilibrium, and (3) systems at equilibrium will shift in response to changes to reduce stress and reestablish equilibrium.
The kinetic molecular theory of matter
The Kinetic Molecular Theory states that all matter is composed of particles in constant motion. It explains the properties of solids, liquids, and gases by proposing five assumptions: 1) gases consist of tiny particles far apart with mostly empty space, 2) collisions are elastic with no energy loss, 3) particles move rapidly and randomly, 4) there are no attractive or repulsive forces between particles, and 5) average kinetic energy depends on temperature. The theory accounts for gas properties like expansion, fluidity, low density, compressibility, and diffusion/effusion.
Transition and collision theory
Collision theory and transition state theory explain how chemical reactions occur and why reaction rates differ. Collision theory, proposed independently by Max Trautz and William Lewis in 1916-1918, qualitatively explains chemical reactions. Transition state theory, developed by Henry Eyring in 1935, describes an activated complex or transition state that forms between reactants and products. For a reaction to occur, the transition state must have sufficient concentration and break apart to form products rather than reforming reactants.
Equilibrium
There are many types of equilibrium including chemical, physical, thermal, dynamic, and thermodynamic equilibrium. Physical equilibrium occurs when there are no unbalanced forces acting on a system, while chemical equilibrium exists when the forward and reverse chemical reactions are equal. The law of mass action states that the rate of a reaction is proportional to the active mass of reactants, with the role of the chemical reaction proportional to the product of the active masses. The equilibrium constant Kc represents the equilibrium expression for concentration.
What's hot (10)
More from christopher russell
Feed back needed
The document appears to be instructions or help for a car drifting simulation game or app. It includes sections for setting up courses, selecting vehicle attributes like surface type and tricks, and viewing replays or stats like drift angles and a push counter. Navigation buttons at the top suggest the ability to access workouts, programs, log out, and adjust weight settings within the context of the game or app.
Lougavins effect
The document discusses how wind velocity interacting with the size and gravitational flow of mass of an object entering the atmosphere can affect its gravitational pull through vector angles. It also mentions the need to know conserved quantities and abundant particles with periodic mass. However, the derivation of kinetic theory of equilibrium can change the outlook on properties like temperature and color of mass and photons.
Algorithm
This document discusses sequence alignment and metabolic networks represented as graphs. It describes using a global objective and candidate moves to evaluate the quality of a multiple sequence alignment. It also defines graphs, hypergraphs, bipartite graphs and how experimental time series data can be added to a graph for a specific time set in order to isolate the correct time series.
my 6th paper
This document discusses approaches for clustering gene expression microarray data and tissue samples. It describes modeling the tissue and gene spaces with mixture models to account for correlations between genes and impose elliptical clusters. Dimensionality reduction is achieved by screening genes and clustering them into groups to represent tissues in lower dimensional space based on a smaller number of unobservable factors regulating gene interactions. Overlapping gene sequences are grouped into superclusters to efficiently validate overlaps using hash tables storing pairwise sequence IDs.
Helping the poor
This document discusses several policies and steps that could help lower income countries and the global poor. It proposes dividing countries into income quintiles and redistributing wealth from high-income to low-income countries. It also mentions structural adjustment programs, stabilization policies, and restructuring economies with help from the World Bank. The document is signed off by Chris Russell and contains various charts and tables about incomes, deficits, and steps that could be taken.
Gravitational diagnostic software
This document introduces new gravitational diagnostic software. It discusses the long-term goal of testing wind speeds and gravity in different parts of the world. It describes fulfilling customer needs by linking the main product attributes to addressing their requirements. It also covers performing a cost analysis comparing the quality and price to competitors, summarizing the strengths and advantages of the new product, and explaining the next steps that need to be taken to move forward.
Rain water
Rain water contains various particles that can react with photophytinis and affect global warming. Studying these particles in rain water could help develop ways to prevent global warming. Tests around the world are needed to identify and understand the particles found in rain water.
Geno hand study
The document introduces a new skin testing product called Geno that aims to understand how hands produce lines and change perceptions of the body. It discusses the long-term goal of the product, customer needs and requirements, how the product fulfills those needs through its attributes, a cost analysis comparing it to competitors, its strengths and advantages, and the next steps that need to be taken.
My purge system
This document describes building a purge system that uses breathing regulators and test rocks. It involves using an input unit to start an automated speech evaluation that reconstructs an average breathing cycle and outputs it. The system then uses hydro ions and electrons to split carbon dioxide input and transform oxygen output at an increased rate by turning sodium into a crystal form of air.
Crispa
The document discusses gene mutations and proposes looking at gene deletions, using a controlled application to boost the mutated gene, making a sample of the gene to grow and create a cure using molecular compounds.
My app
This document appears to be instructions for creating an account and logging into a workout program called UNIPOL. It provides information on setting goals, choosing a gender and password, and provides step-by-step instructions for various workout routines focused on weight loss, general fitness, and muscle gain. Help tips are provided for each exercise movement. The document also includes information on locations, equipment hire, and referrals to student health.
3d printing
A person was walking home and thinking of design ideas for 3D printing when they had an idea to 3D print DNA for clients. They believe 3D printing DNA could be a massive business opportunity. The benefits of 3D printing DNA were considered.
Weed presention
This document proposes legalizing cannabis in New Zealand for medical reasons, to lower the crime rate, and boost the country's green image. It suggests allowing 1-2 cafes per city and establishing laws around possession limits and requiring medical cards. Legalizing cannabis could generate tax revenue for the government and lower crime as seen in California. Next steps include sending this presentation to parliament to join the legalization campaign, as legalizing cannabis could benefit New Zealand.
Youtube
This document proposes adding a new search box feature to YouTube and Google to improve the user experience when consuming media. Specifically, it suggests allowing users to search for a new song on YouTube without interrupting a video they are watching halfway through. A similar feature could also be added to Google to provide search tips while browsing results.
Lougavins effect
This document discusses the lougavins effect and how wind velocity interacts with the size, mass, and gravitational flow of objects entering the atmosphere, affecting the gravitational pull on the object. It notes that to understand this, we need to know the conserved quantities and particles with periodic mass. However, the derivation of the kinetic theory is not fully explained.
Bar code winings
A business is introducing a prize winning scheme by having customers scan barcodes on purchased items for a chance to win a prize. This allows the business to promote specific products and invest in their company through the new promotion. Scanning barcodes for a chance to win a prize both promotes the business and can increase profits.
Alazmeres
Research into Alzheimer's is looking at proteins reacting with nerve pathways and chemical imbalances in cell membranes that slow cells down as they try to protect themselves. Scientists are also examining molecules that react with damaged brain particles, which could lead to reproducing dopamine molecules to regenerate memory cells and help repair proteins.
Music essay 1
Music has been linked to positive outcomes in learning environments. It has effects on the human mind, body and language. Studies have shown that music training before age seven is correlated with greater brain growth and improvements in speech and math skills. However, not all music genres have favorable effects and music can be distracting if it is too loud or jarring. While relaxing music has been shown to improve performance on calculation and memory tasks in children, pop music can serve as a distraction, especially for shy personalities. The health benefits of music include pain relief, reduced blood pressure, boosted immunity, and reduced stress levels. Therefore, schools and hospitals should explore more opportunities to utilize the benefits of music therapy.
Snapchat
The document proposes a new business idea called Snap Chat Business Ideas that allows users to record an idea being discussed and send it to interested parties like lawyers or businesses. The long term goal is for the recording to enter a "freeze mode" so companies can review the idea without others being able to modify or claim the concept.
More from christopher russell (20)
Recently uploaded
MACRAMÉ ChIPs @Behoerdenklausur 2024 (Berlin)
Dr Steffi Friedrichs from AcumenIST SRL presented the MACRAMÉ (www.MACRAME-Project.eu), CHIASMA (www.CHIASMA-Project-eu), INSIGHT (www.INSIGHT-Project.org) and PINK (www.PINK-Project.eu) Projects at this year;s Behoerdenklausur in Berlin.
A NICER VIEW OF THE NEAREST AND BRIGHTEST MILLISECOND PULSAR: PSR J0437−4715
We report Bayesian inference of the mass, radius and hot X-ray emitting region properties - using data
from the Neutron Star Interior Composition ExploreR (NICER) - for the brightest rotation-powered
millisecond X-ray pulsar PSR J0437−4715. Our modeling is conditional on informative tight priors
on mass, distance and binary inclination obtained from radio pulsar timing using the Parkes Pulsar
Timing Array (PPTA) (Reardon et al. 2024), and we use NICER background models to constrain
the non-source background, cross-checking with data from XMM-Newton. We assume two distinct
hot emitting regions, and various parameterized hot region geometries that are defined in terms of
overlapping circles; while simplified, these capture many of the possibilities suggested by detailed
modeling of return current heating. For the preferred model identified by our analysis we infer a mass
of M = 1.418 ± 0.037 M⊙ (largely informed by the PPTA mass prior) and an equatorial radius of
R = 11.36+0.95
−0.63 km, each reported as the posterior credible interval bounded by the 16% and 84%
quantiles. This radius favors softer dense matter equations of state and is highly consistent with
constraints derived from gravitational wave measurements of neutron star binary mergers. The hot
regions are inferred to be non-antipodal, and hence inconsistent with a pure centered dipole magnetic
field.
Shoot apex organization and its theories
Presentation consists of theories of shoot apical meristem and different type of shoot apex organization in Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.
17. 20240529_Ingrid Olesen_MariGreen summer school.pdf
Moving beyond agriculture and aquaculture to integrated sustainable food systems as part of a circular bioeconomy
Speed-accuracy trade-off for the diffusion models
The presentation of Frontiers in Nonequilibrium Physics at YITP about the preprint https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.04495.
Thermodynamic trade-off between the accuracy of the data generation and the diffusion speed for the diffusion models. We show thermodynamically that the optimal transport provides the most accurate data generation.
16. 20240529_Ailin Molosag_MARIGREEN_SS_Day3_Ailin.pdf
THE USE OF FISH BASED FERTILIZERS INSTRAWBERRYGROWTH TECHNOLOGIES
The Next-Gen Innovative Therapeutic Potential of Probiotics: Insights into Gu...
The Next-Gen Innovative Therapeutic Potential of Probiotics: Insights into Gu...Dr. Lenin Kumar Bompalli
The innovative therapeutic potential of probiotics has garnered significant interest, especially in the context of modulating gut microbiota and promoting health. Here's an explanation of how next-generation probiotics are being explored for their therapeutic benefits:
1. Understanding Probiotics and Gut Microbiota
Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. They are primarily known for their role in maintaining and restoring gut microbiota balance.
Gut microbiota refers to the trillions of microorganisms residing in the human gastrointestinal tract. These microorganisms play crucial roles in digestion, immune function, and overall health.
2. Modulation of Gut Microbiota
Probiotics can modulate gut microbiota in several ways:
Restoring Balance: They help in restoring the natural balance of gut bacteria, especially after disruptions caused by antibiotics or illness.
Inhibiting Pathogens: Probiotics can produce substances that inhibit harmful pathogens, thus preventing infections.
Enhancing Barrier Function: They can strengthen the intestinal barrier, reducing the risk of harmful substances entering the bloodstream.
3. Health Promotion and Therapeutic Potential
The health benefits of probiotics extend beyond gut health, influencing various aspects of overall well-being:
Digestive Health: Probiotics are effective in managing conditions like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and diarrhea.
Immune System Support: By interacting with the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), probiotics can enhance immune responses and reduce inflammation.
Mental Health: There is growing evidence linking gut microbiota to mental health, often referred to as the "gut-brain axis." Probiotics may help alleviate symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress.
Metabolic Health: Probiotics can influence metabolic processes, potentially aiding in weight management, reducing cholesterol levels, and improving glucose metabolism.
Skin Health: By modulating systemic inflammation, probiotics can benefit skin conditions like eczema and acne.
Allergies and Autoimmune Diseases: Probiotics might help in managing allergies and autoimmune diseases by modulating immune responses.
4. Next-Generation Probiotics
Traditional probiotics primarily include strains from the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Next-generation probiotics encompass a broader range of beneficial microbes, including:
Bacterial Strains: New strains such as Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii show promise in modulating gut health and metabolic functions.
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT): This involves transferring stool from a healthy donor to a patient, aiming to restore a healthy gut microbiota composition.
Prebiotics and Synbiotics: Prebiotics are non-digestible food components that promote the growth of beneficial bacteria. Surface properties of the seas of Titan as revealed by Cassini mission bistat...
Saturn’s moon Titan was explored by the Cassini spacecraft from 2004 to 2017.
While Cassini revealed a lot about this Earth-like world, its radar observations
could only provide limited information about Titan’s liquid hydrocarbons seas
Kraken, Ligeia and Punga Mare. Here, we show the results of the analysis of the
Cassini mission bistatic radar experiments data of Titan’s polar seas. The dualpolarized nature of bistatic radar observations allow independent estimates of
effective relative dielectric constant and small-scale roughness of sea surface,
which were not possible via monostatic radar data. We find statistically significant variations in effective dielectric constant (i.e., liquid composition),
consistent with a latitudinal dependence in the methane-ethane mixing-ratio.
The results on estuaries suggest lower values than the open seas, compatible
with methane-rich rivers entering seas with higher ethane content. We estimate small-scale roughness of a few millimeters from the almost purely
coherent scattering from the sea surface, hinting at the presence of capillary
waves. This roughness is concentrated near estuaries and inter-basin straits,
perhaps indicating active tidal currents.
Traditional, current and future use of fish and seaweed for fertilisation - ...
Traditional, current and future use of fish and seaweed for fertilisation - ...Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science
Traditional, current and future use of fish and seaweed for fertilisation
Anne-Kristin Løes, Norwegian Centre for Organic Agriculture (NORSØK), NorwayPotential of Marine Renewable and Non renewable energy.pptx
To study about the potential of Marine renewable and non renewable energy
All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office Supplement to Oak Ridge National Laborat...
In 2022, The All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO) contracted with Oak Ridge
National Laboratory (ORNL) to conduct materials testing on a magnesium (Mg) alloy specimen.
This specimen has been publicly alleged to be a component recovered from a crashed
extraterrestrial vehicle in 1947, and purportedly exhibits extraordinary properties, such as
functioning as a terahertz waveguide to generate antigravity capabilities. In April 2024, ORNL
produced a summary of findings documenting the laboratory’s methodology to assess this
specimen’s elemental and structural characteristics, available on AARO’s website.
ORNL assessed this specimen to be terrestrial in origin and that it does not meet the theoretical
requirements to function as a terahertz (THz) waveguide. AARO concurs with ORNL’s
assessment and provides this supplementary material to add historical context to account for its
likely origin. The specimen’s characteristics are consistent with Mg alloy research and
development projects and experimental manufacturing methods in the mid-20th century.
MARIGREEN PROJECT - overview, Oana Cristina Pârvulescu
MARIGREEN PROJECT - overview, Oana Cristina PârvulescuFaculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science
MARIGREEN PROJECT - overview
Oana Cristina Pârvulescu, Project coordinator, POLITEHNICA Bucharest, Romania
SOFIA/HAWC+ FAR-INFRARED POLARIMETRIC LARGE-AREA CMZ EXPLORATION (FIREPLACE) ...
We present the second data release (DR2) of the Far-Infrared Polarimetric Large-Area CMZ Exploration (FIREPLACE) survey. This survey utilized the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) High-resolution Airborne Wideband Camera plus (HAWC+) instrument at 214 µm
(E-band) to observe dust polarization throughout the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) of the Milky
Way. DR2 consists of observations that were obtained in 2022 covering the region of the CMZ extending roughly from the Brick to the Sgr C molecular clouds (corresponding to a roughly 1◦ × 0.75◦
region
of the sky). We combine DR2 with the first FIREPLACE data release covering the Sgr B2 region to
obtain full coverage of the CMZ (a 1.5◦ ×0.75◦
region of the sky). After applying total and polarized
intensity significance cuts on the full FIREPLACE data set we obtain ∼65,000 Nyquist-sampled polarization pseudovectors. The distribution of polarization pseudovectors confirms a bimodal distribution
in the CMZ magnetic field orientations, recovering field components that are oriented predominantly
parallel or perpendicular to the Galactic plane. These magnetic field orientations indicate possible
connections between the previously observed parallel and perpendicular distributions. We also inspect
the magnetic fields toward a set of prominent CMZ molecular clouds (the Brick, Three Little Pigs,
50 km s−1
, Circum-nuclear Disk, CO 0.02-0.02, 20 km s−1
, and Sgr C), revealing spatially varying
magnetic fields that generally trace the morphologies of the clouds. We find evidence that compression
from stellar winds and shear from tidal forces are prominent mechanisms influencing the structure of
the magnetic fields observed within the clouds.
Fish in the Loop: Exploring RAS - Julie Hansen Bergstedt
Fish in the Loop: Exploring RAS - Julie Hansen BergstedtFaculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science
Fish in the Loop: Exploring RAS
Julie Hansen Bergstedt, DTU Aqua, Denmark
From Seeds to Supermassive Black Holes: Capture, Growth, Migration, and Pairi...
The origins and mergers of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) remain a mystery. We describe a scenario from a
novel multiphysics simulation featuring rapid (1 Myr) hyper-Eddington gas capture by a ∼1000 Me “seed” black
hole (BH) up to supermassive (106 Me) masses in a massive, dense molecular cloud complex typical of highredshift starbursts. Due to the high cloud density, stellar feedback is inefficient, and most of the gas turns into stars
in star clusters that rapidly merge hierarchically, creating deep potential wells. Relatively low-mass BH seeds at
random positions can be “captured” by merging subclusters and migrate to the center in ∼1 freefall time (vastly
faster than dynamical friction). This also efficiently produces a paired BH binary with ∼0.1 pc separation. The
centrally concentrated stellar density profile (akin to a “protobulge”) allows the cluster as a whole to capture and
retain gas and build up a large (parsec-scale) circumbinary accretion disk with gas coherently funneled to the
central BH (even when the BH radius of influence is small). The disk is “hypermagnetized” and “flux-frozen”:
dominated by a toroidal magnetic field with plasma β ∼ 10−3
, with the fields amplified by flux-freezing. This
drives hyper-Eddington inflow rates 1 Me yr−1
, which also drive the two BHs to nearly equal masses. The latestage system appears remarkably similar to recently observed high-redshift “little red dots.” This scenario can
provide an explanation for rapid SMBH formation, growth, and mergers in high-redshift galaxies.
Recently uploaded (20)
A NICER VIEW OF THE NEAREST AND BRIGHTEST MILLISECOND PULSAR: PSR J0437−4715
A NICER VIEW OF THE NEAREST AND BRIGHTEST MILLISECOND PULSAR: PSR J0437−4715
17. 20240529_Ingrid Olesen_MariGreen summer school.pdf
17. 20240529_Ingrid Olesen_MariGreen summer school.pdf
16. 20240529_Ailin Molosag_MARIGREEN_SS_Day3_Ailin.pdf
16. 20240529_Ailin Molosag_MARIGREEN_SS_Day3_Ailin.pdf
The Next-Gen Innovative Therapeutic Potential of Probiotics: Insights into Gu...
The Next-Gen Innovative Therapeutic Potential of Probiotics: Insights into Gu...
Surface properties of the seas of Titan as revealed by Cassini mission bistat...
Surface properties of the seas of Titan as revealed by Cassini mission bistat...
Traditional, current and future use of fish and seaweed for fertilisation - ...
Traditional, current and future use of fish and seaweed for fertilisation - ...
Potential of Marine Renewable and Non renewable energy.pptx
Potential of Marine Renewable and Non renewable energy.pptx
Role of transgenic animal in target validation.pptx
Role of transgenic animal in target validation.pptx
All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office Supplement to Oak Ridge National Laborat...
All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office Supplement to Oak Ridge National Laborat...
MARIGREEN PROJECT - overview, Oana Cristina Pârvulescu
MARIGREEN PROJECT - overview, Oana Cristina Pârvulescu
SOFIA/HAWC+ FAR-INFRARED POLARIMETRIC LARGE-AREA CMZ EXPLORATION (FIREPLACE) ...
SOFIA/HAWC+ FAR-INFRARED POLARIMETRIC LARGE-AREA CMZ EXPLORATION (FIREPLACE) ...
Post RN - Biochemistry (Unit 1) Basic concept of Chemistry
Post RN - Biochemistry (Unit 1) Basic concept of Chemistry
Fish in the Loop: Exploring RAS - Julie Hansen Bergstedt
Fish in the Loop: Exploring RAS - Julie Hansen Bergstedt
From Seeds to Supermassive Black Holes: Capture, Growth, Migration, and Pairi...
From Seeds to Supermassive Black Holes: Capture, Growth, Migration, and Pairi...
My 5th paper
- 1. My 5th theorem So I’ll be first looking into chemical fractionation as the alteration of our on earth’s crust due to the fact appropriate chemical shifts are unbalanced this can be altered by the production ratios of mass to charge fixing alpha decay measurements We have developed that the velocity expansions should react with the alpha measurements howeverwe should be looking at the densities that react with the new forming of atoms that can be arranged into new formats of protons And finally the protons particles accelerators will react with the quarks these new particles are interacting with unified forces