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catastrophe

noun

ca·​tas·​tro·​phe kə-ˈta-strə-(ˌ)fē How to pronounce catastrophe (audio)
plural catastrophes
1
: a momentous tragic event ranging from extreme misfortune to utter overthrow or ruin
Deforestation and erosion can lead to an ecological catastrophe.
2
: utter failure : fiasco
the party was a catastrophe
3
a
: a violent and sudden change in a feature of the earth
b
: a violent usually destructive natural event (such as a supernova)
4
: the final event of the dramatic action especially of a tragedy
catastrophic adjective
catastrophically adverb

Did you know?

When English speakers first borrowed the Greek word katastrophē (from katastrephein, meaning "to overturn") as catastrophe in the 1500s, they used it for the conclusion or final event of a dramatic work, especially of a tragedy. In time, catastrophe came to be used more generally of any unhappy conclusion, or disastrous or ruinous end. By the mid-18th century, it was being used to denote truly devastating events, such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Finally, it came to be applied to things that are only figuratively catastrophic—burnt dinners, lost luggage, really bad movies, etc.

Examples of catastrophe in a Sentence

The oil spill was an environmental catastrophe. Experts fear a humanitarian catastrophe if food isn't delivered to the refugees soon. an area on the brink of catastrophe
Recent Examples on the Web Conservative vote collapses as smaller parties surge The result is a catastrophe for the Conservatives as voters punished them for 14 years of presiding over austerity, Brexit, a pandemic, political scandals, and internecine conflict. Brian Melley and Jill Lawless, The Christian Science Monitor, 5 July 2024 The last 14 years have been brutal, and pressing issues—such as climate catastrophe—require radical solutions. Rhiannon Lucy Cosslett, Vogue, 5 July 2024 But amid the current catastrophe in Gaza—the most devastating war for both sides in decades—such foot-dragging can no longer stand in the way. Mohammad Shtayyeh, Foreign Affairs, 4 July 2024 Almost as surprising is how these loyal soldiers are throwing blame for this budding catastrophe at popular leaders like Barack Obama and Jill Biden. Nomiki Konst, New York Daily News, 3 July 2024 See all Example Sentences for catastrophe 

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'catastrophe.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

Etymology

Greek katastrophē, from katastrephein to overturn, from kata- + strephein to turn

First Known Use

1540, in the meaning defined at sense 4

Time Traveler
The first known use of catastrophe was in 1540

Dictionary Entries Near catastrophe

Cite this Entry

“Catastrophe.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/catastrophe. Accessed 20 Jul. 2024.

Kids Definition

catastrophe

noun
ca·​tas·​tro·​phe kə-ˈtas-trə-(ˌ)fē How to pronounce catastrophe (audio)
1
: a sudden disaster
2
: complete failure : fiasco
catastrophic adjective
catastrophically adverb

Medical Definition

catastrophe

noun
ca·​tas·​tro·​phe kə-ˈtas-trə-fē How to pronounce catastrophe (audio)
: death (as from an inexplicable cause) before, during, or after an operation

More from Merriam-Webster on catastrophe

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