March 2008 update

On 13 March 2008 the New Edition was updated with revised entries in a series of discrete alphabetical ranges, as well as the addition of new entries from across the alphabet. In some ranges, not every entry was revised, as editorial effort was concentrated on the most significant groups of related words. In addition, about 30 virus names were revised across the alphabet.For further details see the Chief Editor’s commentary on the latest revision. Below this are listed all the new words in the ranges.

Revisions

Major change in the choice of revised entries published on OED Online

The sequence of revised entries published online since March 2000 has proceeded from the letter M, to quit shilling (representing between a fifth and a quarter of the dictionary). According to that model, the present publication batch would include words from quits to somewhere early in the letter R.

But after several years of steady alphabetical publication, we have decided to vary the publication mix. The present publication range departs radically from the former model, in that its 2,116 entries consist for the most part of key English words from across the alphabet, along with the other words which make up the alphabetical cluster surrounding them. From now on, we expect to alternate between these two models each quarter, with the next publication range (in June 2008) continuing from quits, and the subsequent one (September 2008) presenting a further range of major words and their associated alphabetical clusters.

The main purpose of this change is to revise, much earlier than would otherwise have been the case, important English words whose meanings or application have developed most over the past century. Some of these key words are, as one might expect, among those often looked up by readers of the OED. This change also brings the revision more in line with our policy for publishing new words and senses, which have since June 2001 been taken from across the full alphabetical range.

The 2,116 entries in this quarterly release include 7,540 meanings, phrases, compounds, and derivatives.

Selection of entries

A number of criteria were used in selecting entries for the current publication range. The final selection was made from terms which demonstrated:

  1. significant lexical productivity over the past century (indicated by the emergence of new subsenses, related compounds, derivative forms, etc.);
  2. complex semantic, syntactic, or etymological issues which would benefit from immediate review within the dictionary.

The first category above provided the largest proportion of the terms in the current range. These include: air, American, apple, apply, ball, climate, culture, disability, eco-, Euro-, free, fuck, girl, heaven, hell, immune, language, love, sad, and thing. A subset of this category includes high-profile terms of a scientific nature: cancer, computer, electricity, evolution, and gene. Some of these scientific ranges are not continuous (general, for example, has not been revised along with gene). Furthermore, a collection of forty virus names (e.g. adenovirus, alphavirus, arborvirus, as well as the entry for virus itself) has been included.

Terms in the second category include : a/an, affect, and, effect, and gay. Needless to say, some words fell into both categories. Most of the words in these categories come from the early part of the dictionary, which is in general the part of OED1 that is most in need of revision. In general, every word in the alphabetical range around these terms was chosen, as well as closely related words outside it: in the case of gay, for example, the editing sequence runs from gay itself to gaysome (taking in the related words gaily, gaiety, gey, etc.); with love, the sequence runs from love to lovingness (taking in lof, lurve, etc.). Raw frequency in the language was not regarded as a significant selection criterion for advance work. It would not have been feasible to contemplate a publication range consisting of the large number of the pronouns, numerals, strong verbs, major prepositions and adverbs, etc., which such a criterion would have generated. It should be noted that many of the entries which might have fallen into these two categories have already been revised as a result of the regular alphabetical editing (such as man, meat, nice, etc.).

Features of editing this present range

Editorially, it has been challenging to edit this composite range. The constant concentration on some of the most important (and oldest) words in the language highlights issues which the general run of words do not prompt, at least with any regularity. On the other hand, it is satisfying to see that some key and often-consulted terms will now be available in their up-to-date form.

heaven and hell

As regards specific word-groups, heaven is expansive and open, its phrases largely positive (e.g. a marriage made in heaven, to move heaven and earth), though a flutter of frustration can intervene (heaven knows, for heaven’s sake). Heaven occurs in Beowulf, and so has coexisted with all the changes that have taken place within English over the years.

Much the opposite can be said of its counterpart hell (which, however, shares with heaven its longevity in the language). Hell is a bleak word: its main senses fiery, and its phrases and compounds rough (all hell breaks loose, hell on earth, hell-mouth, hell-ship).

Such description has, of course, no place in an OED entry, and so we should return to the facts. Hell is the larger entry (with one hundred and forty-two sections to heaven‘s forty-six). Yet heaven has eleven new senses whereas hell has only six more. Hell is one of those words which can be written with asterisks in English, and this can sometimes present editorial difficulties (for more of which see more below).

Scholars and word-searchers have over the years exerted considerable effort on the history of hell, and so it is perhaps not surprising that the OED has been able to provide antedatings for almost 50% of its senses (the figure is nearer 38% for the more sedate and slow-changing heaven).

computers

The computer is no longer just a machine, but a symbol of our culture. For the first edition of the OED (1891) a computer was simply a person who computes. The Supplement to the OED (1972) added that it was a ‘calculating-machine; especially an automatic electronic device for performing mathematical or logical operations’. That’s still true, but thirty-five years on the computer is much more central to the everyday life of many people throughout the world.

This causes problems for the lexicographer. Computers come in all shapes and sizes, with all sorts of different uses. How much or how little should the lexicographer say in order both to define and to indicate the significance of this ‘automatic electronic device’?

Computer raises other issues. Editors can distinguish easily between illustrative quotations for computer in the sense of a person and computer in the sense of a mechanical device. But sometime in the 1940s the borderline between ‘calculating machine’ and the new ‘automatic electronic device’ was crossed. Correctly identifying which illustrative quotations from that time belong to which sense can be complex. Our revised entry shows a use from 1946 as the first example of the new sense, with a reference to an occurrence from von Neumann in 1945 noted as the older meaning.

From this point, an extended editorial note follows the development in size and complexity of computers, alongside the new terms involving the word computer, up to the present day. This brings in the microcomputer, the tablet computer, and the personal computer, to name just three. The pervasive influence of the computer in modern culture is indicated by another surprising statistic: before revision the OED‘s entry contained three main senses and three compounds. A further seven compounds had been added in the OED Additions series (1993-7). The present entry retains the three main senses, but adds forty-four new components (mostly compounds, such as computer art, computer chip, computer crime, etc.). The entry as a whole testifies to the pervasive influence of the computer on our lives today.

gay

The modern uses of gay occur in earlier versions of the dictionary, but were in need of a thorough updating. The present work reviews all of the older senses of the word (noble, bright, light-hearted and merry, dissolute, etc.) from the Middle Ages onwards, and then looks in particular at borderlines: in particular, the shady border between pre-1940s use in homosexual contexts and post-1940s use when gay was used explicitly with reference to homosexuals. The entry presents (in parentheses) a number of early usages of the word in contexts where a present-day reader might jump to the conclusion that the sense ‘homosexual’ was intended, but where from consideration of the overall history this cannot be confidently asserted. The entry also finds the noun use as early as 1953 (previously 1971). Here, as elsewhere, the OED is often indebted to other researchers who have been independently seeking to establish the ‘true history’ of terms such as this.

Curiously, the earliest recorded date for gay in the sense ‘homosexual’ has travelled forwards in time. The Supplement to the OED (1972) had included as the first reference a quotation from Noel Ersine’s Underworld and Prison Slang of 1935 (geycat). Several contributors and editors have noted since 1972 that this term does not illustrate this use, and it now stands as one of the illustrative quotations for gay cat (a young or inexperienced tramp: recorded from 1889 onwards).

fuck

This entry entered the OED in the first volume of its Supplement in 1972. The term (along with alphabetically related words) perhaps confront lexicographers with the most significant challenges of the current release. First of all, fuck is a taboo word in English, and this has affected how regularly it appears in print. Its relative absence from the record presents issues in terms of describing its history.

The history begins in murky circumstances. The previous edition of the OED found the verb at the beginning of the sixteenth century, in texts which (for bibliographical reasons) now need to be redated to the middle of the sixteenth century. Nevertheless, this is a term about which scholars have made significant discoveries in recent years, and it is now possible to reassert an early sixteenth century date, with indications that the word is earlier.

The earliest evidence found so far is in Latin, and comes from a manuscript presumably written in England and dating from 1500 or slightly earlier. But the text is a) in code and b) in a mixed Latin-and-English context: Non sunt in cœli, quia gxddbov xxkxzt pg ifmk. The string ‘gxddbov’ can be read by replacing each letter with the one before it in the alphabet (i.e. ‘fuccant’). This has a Latin third-person plural ending. This usage implies but does not show the pre-existence of the word in English.

The first definite evidence for the word, then, comes from a manuscript in Oxford (MS Brasenose College, Oxford VII), dated 1528. The use was discovered recently by one of the OED‘s regular correspondents. In this case we have the English adjectival form, which implies use of the verb.

Fuck presents a number of other issues for the lexicographer. In terms of documentation, the absence of the word from most printed text before the mid twentieth century causes quotation difficulties. When the term or its associates do appear they are likely to be masked to avoid scandal or prosecution. Quotations which derive from recent editions of earlier texts need to be rechecked as far as possible in their earliest available form. It is not acceptable, for example, to cite D. H. Lawrence’s Lady Chatterley’s Lover from a modern edition on the assumption that the word is present in the first edition (in this case the quotation used was checked in a copy of the 1928 edition, privately printed in Florence). Several of the relevant texts cited in the OED‘s revised entry have proved hard to track down (or bibliographically complex, or both), but wherever possible we have attempted to cite from contemporaneous documents.

The use of asterisks to mask the word is also problematic lexicographically. Whereas we might be happy to accept ‘f—k’ in the right context, how much less certain might we be of ‘f—’? And sometimes there is no letter at all to clarify what has been omitted (‘—’). In each case the editor needs to weigh whether the quotation is allowable.

The entries for fuck and related words have been considerably expanded since OED2 (1989). There the number of meanings and associated verbal phrases under the verb amounted to six. In the revised entry for the verb there are thirty-five components, showing a significant expansion of meaning and phrasal patterning (mainly from the mid twentieth century onwards).

free

One of the longest ranges of continuously revised text in the present release includes the free words (free to freewoman). The adjective free itself has a complex structure, showing the variation in use of the basic adjective over the past thousand years and more. The lexicographical issues here are largely ones of sense disambiguation (ensuring that early evidence is correctly interpreted and not placed at the wrong sense) and ones of semantic differentiation (defining so as to demonstrate the difference between senses which are closely allied semantically). The extensive number of subsenses which the adjective contains also presents challenges for the editor attempting to marry lightness of touch with analytical distinction.

Semantically the adjective lies at the heart of the many traditional western concerns (the liberty of the individual, freedom of speech, of religion, of the press, etc.). In addition it draws in freedom of movement, freedom from payment, creative freedom, etc. The variations in the core senses of the word are reflected in the extensive range of compounds in which free is used, as well as by the proliferation of adjectives along the lines of trouble-free, acid-free, sugar-free, etc. Furthermore, there are links between free and many of the other central entries in this release: air (free as air/free-to-air), ball (free ball), electricity (free electricity), Europe (free Europe), gay (‘free of cares’), immunity (‘freedom from penalty’, etc.), and love (free love, freedom-lover).
John Simpson, Chief Editor, Oxford English Dictionary

a/an

  • a/an

aer to aery

  • aerial
  • aero-
  • aerobatics
  • aerodynamics
  • aeroplane
  • aerosol
  • aery

affect to affectuously

  • affect
  • affectation
  • affectionate
  • affection

air to airy-fairy

  • air
  • aircraft
  • airport
  • airship
  • airwave
  • airy

Amerasia to Amerind

  • America
  • American
  • American English
  • American Indian
  • Americanize

and

  • and

apple to applyment

  • apple
  • appliance
  • application
  • apply

ball to ballyhoo

  • ball
  • ballad
  • ballet
  • ballistic
  • balloon
  • ballot
  • also
  • bollock
  • bollix

cancer to chancrous

  • cancer
  • carcinogenic
  • carcinoma
  • chancre

climacta to climature

  • climacteric
  • climate
  • climatology

computability to computus

  • computation
  • compute
  • computer

culturable to culturology

  • cultural
  • culture

disable to disabling

  • disable
  • disability

eco to ecotype

  • eco-
  • eco-friendly
  • ecological
  • ecology
  • economic
  • economist
  • economy

effect to effectuousness

  • effect
  • effective

electral to electroweak

  • electric
  • electrical
  • electricity
  • electrolysis
  • electron
  • electronic

euro to eurozone

  • Euro-
  • European

evolute to Evolvulus

  • evolution
  • evolve

feck to F-word

  • feck
  • fuck
  • F-word
  • also
  • eff

free to free-woman

  • free
  • freedom

gaietry to gaylies

  • gay

gene to genotypically

  • gene
  • genetic
  • genetics
  • genome
  • genotype

girl to girly-girly

  • girl

heaven to heaven-wide

  • heaven
  • heavenly

hell to helly

  • hell
  • hellebore
  • Hellenist
  • hellish
  • hello

immune to immunology

  • immune
  • immunity
  • immunology
  • immunosuppressant

language to languorous

  • language
  • languid
  • languish
  • languor

love

  • love
  • lovely
  • lover
  • also
  • lurve
  • luv

sad to sadza

  • sad
  • saddle
  • sadomasochism

thing to thingy

  • thing
  • thingamabob
  • thingy

[viruses]

  • coronavirus
  • papillomavirus
  • retrovirus
  • rhinovirus

List of new words

  • Aerian, n. and adj.1
  • aeriated, adj.
  • aeriformed, adj.
  • aeroacoustic, adj.
  • aeroacoustics, n.
  • aerobat, n.1
  • aerobatics, n.1
  • aerobot, n.
  • aerobrake, n.
  • aerobrake, v.
  • aerobraking, n.
  • aerogenic, adj.
  • aerologic, adj.
  • aeromedicine, n.
  • aerophobe, n.
  • aerophobic, adj. and n.
  • aeroscope, n.
  • aerospike, n.
  • aerostructure, n.
  • aerotolerant, adj.
  • aerovane, n.
  • affectionize, v.
  • affectiveness, n.
  • Air Cav, n.
  • air-cure, v.
  • air-cured, adj.
  • air curing, n.
  • air de cour, n.
  • air foam, n.
  • airgram, n.
  • air–land, adj.
  • airland, v.
  • airlanded, adj.
  • air landing, n.
  • airlanding, adj.
  • Airol, n.
  • air piracy, n.
  • air pirate, n.
  • airshed, n.2
  • Americanesque, adj.
  • American Gothic, n. and adj.
  • Americanizing, n.
  • Americanizing, adj.
  • Americano, n.1
  • Americano, n.2
  • Americanologist, n.
  • Americanophobia, n.
  • Amerindian, adj. and n.
  • Apple Island, n.
  • Apple Isle, n.
  • appleringie, n.
  • appletini, n.
  • appley, adj.
  • applicational, adj.
  • appliqué, v.2
  • appliquéd, adj.
  • applying, adj.
  • astrovirus, n.
  • baculovirus, n.
  • balladeering, n.
  • ballas, n.
  • ball bag, n.
  • ballerino, n.
  • ball hawk, n.
  • ball-hawk, v.
  • ball-hawking, n.
  • ball-hawking, adj.
  • Ballist, n.2 and adj.
  • ballistospore, n.
  • ball-less, adj.
  • ballo, n.
  • Ballota, n.
  • ballotin, n.2
  • ballotine, n.
  • ballotini, n.
  • ballotry, n.
  • ballottable, adj.
  • ballum rancum, n.
  • ball-up, n.
  • ballyboe, n.
  • ballycater, n.
  • Ballyhack, n.
  • ballyhooing, n.
  • ballyhooly, n.
  • bollocks, v.
  • bollocksed, adj.
  • bollocky, adj.
  • bunyavirus, n.
  • Caelicolae, n.
  • cafe Americano, n.
  • carcinoembryonic, adj.
  • climacterium, n.
  • climatographic, adj.
  • computably, adv.
  • computationalism, n.
  • computationalist, n. and adj.
  • computeresque, adj.
  • computer-graphic, adj.
  • computeritis, n.
  • computerized, adj.
  • computernik, n.
  • computerology, n.
  • computerphile, n.
  • computer program, n.
  • computer programmer, n.
  • computer programming, n.
  • computer-speak, n.
  • computery, n.
  • computery, adj.
  • coronavirus, n.
  • culturalism, n.
  • culturalist, n. and adj.
  • culturalization, n.
  • culturalize, v.
  • culturgen, n.
  • culturing, n.
  • culturo-, comb. form
  • eco, adj.
  • ecocline, n.
  • ecofact, n.
  • ecological, adj.
  • ecologism, n.
  • ecomorph, n.
  • ecomorphological, adj.
  • ecomorphology, n.
  • ecomuseum, n.
  • econobox, n.
  • econometrical, adj.
  • econometrist, n.
  • econometry, n.
  • economistic, adj.
  • e converso, adv.
  • ecophenotype, n.
  • ecophenotypic, adj.
  • ecophysiological, adj.
  • ecophysiology, n.
  • ecopoiesis, n.
  • ecopolitical, adj.1
  • eco-political, adj.2
  • ecopolitics, n.1
  • eco-politics, n.2
  • ecopsychological, adj.
  • ecopsychology, n.
  • eco-sensitive, adj.
  • eco-socialist, n. and adj.
  • ecotechnological, adj.
  • ecotechnology, n.
  • ecotoxicological, adj.
  • ecozone, n.
  • effectivate, v.
  • effectivism, n.
  • effectivity, n.
  • electricized, adj.
  • electriferous, adj.2
  • electrion, n.
  • electroactive, adj.
  • electroantennogram, n.
  • electroantennographic, adj.
  • electroantennography, n.
  • electrocatalysis, n.
  • electrocatalyst, n.
  • electrocatalytic, adj.
  • electrocoat, v.
  • electrogram, n.
  • electrolization, n.
  • electrolize, v.
  • electrologist, n.
  • electrolyser | electrolyzer, n.
  • electrometrically, adv.
  • electromorph, n.
  • electromorphic, adj.
  • electronicist, n.
  • electronic paper, n.
  • electronification, n.
  • electronified, adj.
  • electronify, v.
  • electronometer, n.
  • electro-optically, adv.
  • electropainting, n.
  • electropherogram, n.
  • electrophorese, v.
  • electrophysiologic, adj.
  • electroporate, v.
  • electroporation, n.
  • electroporator, n.
  • electroreceptive, adj.
  • electroshock, v.
  • electroshocked, adj.
  • electroshocking, n.
  • electro-silvered, adj.
  • electro-silvering, n.
  • electrotherapeutic, adj.
  • electrotyped, adj.
  • Euro, n.2
  • Eurocracy, n.
  • Eurocratic, adj.
  • Euroland, n.
  • euro note, n.2
  • Europa, n.
  • Europasian, adj. and n.
  • Europeanizing, adj.
  • Europhoria, n.
  • Eurosceptic | Euroskeptic, n. and adj.
  • Eurosceptical | Euroskeptical, adj.
  • Euroscepticism | Euroskepticism, n.
  • Eurosclerosis, n.
  • Eurostar, n.
  • eurozone, n.
  • evolvability, n.
  • evolvant, n.
  • F-bomb, n.
  • feck-all, n.
  • flavovirus, n.
  • free burgher, n.
  • freedwoman, n.
  • free-falling, adj.
  • free-fire, adj.
  • free float, n.
  • free-float, v.
  • freehold, v.
  • free line, n.
  • freeline, v.
  • freeload, n.
  • free marketeer, n.
  • freephone, v.
  • free quartering, n.
  • free-range, v.
  • free-ranged, adj.
  • free ranging, n.
  • free rein, n.
  • free-rider, n.
  • free run, n.
  • free-run, v.
  • free spool, n.
  • free-spool, v.
  • free spooling, n.
  • free-spooling, adj.
  • free-styled, adj.
  • freestyler, n.
  • fuckability, n.
  • fuckable, adj.
  • fucked, adj.
  • fucked-off, adj.
  • fucked-out, adj.
  • fucked-up, adj.
  • fuckee, n.1
  • fuckee, n.2
  • fuckee, v.
  • fuckface, n.
  • fuckfest, n.
  • fuckhead, n.
  • fuckhole, n.
  • fuckload, n.
  • fuck-pig, n.
  • fuckwad, n.
  • fuck you, n. and adj.
  • gal pal, n.
  • gayby boom, n.
  • gaydom, n.
  • gayelle, n.
  • gaylord, n.
  • gel, n.1
  • genethics, n.
  • geneticize, v.
  • genodermatosis, n.
  • genogram, n.
  • genomicist, n.
  • genospecies, n.
  • genotoxin, n.
  • girlcott, n.
  • girlcott, v.
  • Girl Guiding, n.
  • girlie-man, n.
  • girl-on-girl, adj. and n.
  • Girls’ Brigade, n.
  • Girl Scouting, n.
  • heavener, n.
  • Hel, n.
  • Hela, n.1
  • hella, adv. and adj.
  • hellacious, adj. (and adv.)
  • hellenotype, n.
  • Hellespontic, adj.
  • hell-rake, n.1
  • helluo librorum, n.
  • hellwards, adv.
  • hellzapoppin’, adj.
  • hepadnavirus, n.
  • immunifacient, adj.
  • immunifying, adj.
  • immunizing, n.
  • immunocyte, n.
  • immunocytochemical, adj.
  • immunomodulation, n.
  • immunomodulator, n.
  • immunomodulatory, adj.
  • immunoproliferative, adj.
  • immunoreactive, adj.
  • immunoreactivity, n.
  • immunosorbent, n. and adj.
  • immunostimulant, n. and adj.
  • immunostimulation, n.
  • immunostimulatory, adj.
  • immunosuppress, v.
  • immunosuppressor, n.
  • immunosurveillance, n.
  • love boat, n.
  • lovelifying, adj.
  • lurve, v.
  • morbillivirus, n.
  • papillomavirus, n.
  • potyvirus, n.
  • primo ballerino, n.
  • saddie, n.
  • Saddy, n. (and adv.)
  • sadster, n.
  • thinger, n.1
  • -ware, suffix

In addition to these new entries, a number of new subordinate entries were added to existing entries. These included:

  • (Under A, n.)
    • ASV
  • (Under accepted, adj.)
    • accepted mason
  • (Under aerial, adj.)
    • aerial ladder
    • aerial ping-pong
    • aerial root
    • aerial skiing
  • (Under aero-, comb. form)
    • aeroallergen
    • Aeroball
    • aeroballistic
    • aeroballistics
    • aerotactic
    • aerojumble
    • aeromodeller
    • aeromodelling
    • aero-modellist
    • aeroshell
  • (Under aerodynamic, adj.)
    • aerodynamic braking
  • (Under aerofoil, n.)
    • aerofoiled
  • (Under aerosol, n.)
    • aerosol art
  • (Under aerotolerant, adj.)
    • aerotolerance
  • (Under affecting, adj.2)
    • affectingness
  • (Under affectionate, adj. (and n.))
    • affectionate-hearted
  • (Under affective, adj.)
    • affective computing
    • affective memory
  • (Under air, n.1)
    • air armament
    • air ball
    • air blitz
    • air cane
    • air capacitor
    • air carrier
    • air curtain
    • air damper
    • air dash
    • airdash
    • air door
    • air drag
    • air draught
    • air-dropped
    • air-dropping
    • air-drying
    • air express
    • air-express
    • air-fall
    • air fern
    • air flue
    • air frost
    • air hockey
    • air-horn
    • air hose
    • airhouse
    • air hunger
    • air jet
    • air knife
    • airleg
    • air marshal
    • air motor
    • airphone
    • air pollutant
    • air pollution
    • air pore
    • air potato
    • air release
    • air reservoir
    • air ride
    • air seal
    • air-seal
    • air seeder
    • air shower
    • air shuttle
    • air sign
    • air-slaked
    • air slaking
    • air-spaced
    • air sport
    • air-sprung
    • air squadron
    • air-stone
    • air tool
    • air-transportable
    • air turbine
    • air vent
    • airview
    • air waybill
    • air truck
  • (Under aircraft, n.)
    • aircraft-grade
  • (Under air cushion, n.)
    • air cushion vehicle
    • air-cushioned
  • (Under air force, n.)
    • air force base
    • air force blue
    • air force brat
  • (Under airhead, n.)
    • airheaded
  • (Under air layering, n.)
    • air layer
  • (Under airline, n.)
    • airline food
  • (Under airplane, n.)
    • airplane food
  • (Under airport, n.2)
    • airport art
    • airport tax
  • (Under air pump, n.)
    • the Air Pump
  • (Under air raid, n.)
    • air raid siren
  • (Under American, n. and adj.)
    • American breakfast
    • American Century
    • American Civil War
    • American depositary receipt
    • American Empire
    • American footballer
    • American Native
    • American Revolution
    • American Standard Version
    • American-style
    • American Way
    • American eagle
    • American Eskimo
    • American gooseberry mildew
    • American saddle horse
    • American-born
    • American-built
    • American-made
  • (Under Americanize, v.)
    • Americanizer
  • (Under Americo-, comb. form)
    • Americo-Liberian
  • (Under anaerobic, adj.)
    • anaerobic digestion
  • (Under apple, n.)
    • apple aphid
    • apple banana
    • apple bobber
    • apple-bobbing
    • apple bush
    • apple canker
    • apple-ducker
    • apple-ducking
    • apple knocker
    • apple maggot
    • apple mill
    • apple mint
    • apple quince
    • apple ring
    • apple roaster
    • apple rose
    • apple rust
    • apple scab
    • apple sucker
    • apple wine
    • apple of Peru
    • apple fruit
    • apple garden
    • apple-wood
    • apple cake
    • apple cider
    • apple marmalade
    • apple tea
    • apple turnover
  • (Under Apple Island, n.)
    • Apple Islander
  • (Under apple tree, n.)
    • apple-tree borer
    • flat-headed apple-tree borer
    • round-headed apple-tree borer
  • (Under appliance, n.)
    • appliance garage
    • applianced
  • (Under applicable, adj.)
    • applicable mathematics
  • (Under application, n.)
    • application blank
    • application development
    • application engineer
    • application engineering
    • application form
    • application letter
    • application service provider
    • applications development
    • applications engineer
    • applications engineering
  • (Under applied, adj.)
    • applied linguistics
    • applied mathematics
    • applied psychology
  • (Under applot, v.)
    • applotter
  • (Under ballad, n.)
    • ballad book
  • (Under ballast, n.)
    • ballast keel
    • ballast stone
    • ballast tank
    • ballast hill
  • (Under ball, n.2)
    • ball clothes
    • ball gown
  • (Under ball, n.1)
    • ball bat
    • ball catch
    • ball float
    • ball handle
    • ball hitch
    • ball hockey
    • ball-money
    • ball python
    • ball-tearer
    • ball tosser
    • ballyard
    • ball handling
    • ball maker
    • ball-like
  • (Under ball-breaking, adj.)
    • ball-breakingly
  • (Under ballet, n.1)
    • ballet flat
    • ballet pump
    • ballet shoe
    • ballet company
    • ballet dancing
  • (Under ballistic, adj.)
    • ballistic electron emission microscopy
    • ballistic nylon
    • ballistic trajectory
  • (Under balloon, n.)
    • balloon back
    • balloon-back chair
    • balloon bomb
    • balloon glass
    • balloon head
    • balloon-headed
    • balloon payment
    • balloon shade
    • balloon whisk
    • balloon-like
    • balloon-borne
  • (Under ballot, n.1)
    • ballot-stuffing
  • (Under ballot box, n.)
    • ballot box stuffer
    • ballot box stuffing
  • (Under ballotte, v.)
    • ballotting
  • (Under ballsy, adj.)
    • ballsiness
  • (Under cancer, n. and adj.)
    • cancer cluster
    • cancer gene
    • cancer herb
  • (Under chancre, n.)
    • chancre mechanic
  • (Under climate, n.1)
    • climate change
    • climate control
    • climate-controlled
    • climate engineering
    • climate model
    • climate modeller
    • climate modelling
    • climate-proof
    • climate science
    • climate scientist
    • climate shift
  • (Under climatic, adj.2)
    • climatic change
    • climatic climax
    • climatic optimum
    • Climatic Optimum
  • (Under computational, adj.)
    • computational linguist
    • computational linguistics
  • (Under computed, adj.)
    • computed tomographic
  • (Under computer, n.)
    • computer age
    • computer animation
    • computer art
    • computer chip
    • computer criminal
    • computer disk
    • computer file
    • computer fraud
    • computer geek
    • computer hardware
    • computer-illiterate
    • computer jock
    • computerland
    • computer language
    • computer nerd
    • computer porn
    • computer pornography
    • computer-process
    • computer processing
    • computer ranking
    • computer-savvy
    • computer software
    • computer trading
    • computerdom
    • computerless
    • computer jargon
    • computer monitor
    • computer network
    • computer screen
    • computer system
    • computer conferencing
    • computer error
    • computer model
    • computer search
    • computer typesetting
    • computer user
    • computer-assisted
    • computer-integrated
    • computer-supported
    • computer-like
  • (Under computerize, v.)
    • computerizable
  • (Under computerized, adj.)
    • computerized tomography
  • (Under computerology, n.)
    • computerologist
  • (Under computing, n.)
    • computing power
  • (Under cultural anthropology, n.)
    • cultural anthropological
    • cultural anthropologist
  • (Under cultural, adj. and n.)
    • cultural activism
    • cultural activist
    • cultural affairs
    • cultural centre
    • cultural cleansing
    • cultural corridor
    • cultural cringe
    • cultural desert
    • cultural exchange
    • cultural festival
    • cultural imperialism
    • cultural lag
    • cultural landscape
    • cultural literacy
    • cultural materialism
    • cultural nationalism
    • cultural nationalist
    • cultural park
    • cultural property
    • cultural relativist
    • cultural relativity
    • cultural studies
    • cultural terrorism
    • cultural terrorist
    • cultural war
    • cultural warrior
  • (Under culture, n.)
    • culture centre
    • culture clash
    • culture contact
    • culture festival
    • culture gap
    • culture hero
    • culture heroine
    • culture jammer
    • culture jamming
    • culture lag
    • culture plate
    • culture war
    • culture warrior
  • (Under disability, n.)
    • disability benefit
  • (Under disabled, adj. and n.)
    • disabled-accessible
    • disabled-friendly
  • (Under disabling, adj.)
    • disablingly
  • (Under E, n.)
    • ECM
  • (Under eco-, comb. form)
    • eco-architect
    • eco-architecture
    • eco-audit
    • eco-auditing
    • eco-auditor
    • eco-babble
    • eco-defence
    • eco-efficiency
    • eco-engineering
    • eco-fascism
    • eco-fascist
    • eco-footprint
    • ecogeographic
    • ecogeographical
    • ecogeography
    • eco-justice
    • eco-management
    • econiche
    • ecospace
    • eco-tax
    • eco-crisis
    • eco-disaster
    • eco-activism
    • eco-nut
    • eco-thriller
    • eco-adventure
    • eco-lodge
    • eco-resort
    • ecotravel
    • eco-car
    • eco-city
    • eco-house
    • eco-awareness
    • eco-conscious
    • eco-consciousness
  • (Under ecocline, n.)
    • ecoclinal
  • (Under ecological, adj.)
    • ecological niche
  • (Under ecologic, adj.)
    • ecologic niche
  • (Under ecomorph, n.)
    • ecomorphic
  • (Under econometric, adj.)
    • econometrically
  • (Under economic, n. and adj.)
    • economic and monetary union
    • economic adviser
    • economic blizzard
    • economic citizenship
    • economic crime
    • economic indicator
    • economic migrant
    • economic model
    • economic modeller
    • economic modelling
    • economic refugee
    • economic royalist
    • economic Trinity
    • economic zone
  • (Under economy, n.)
    • economy drive
    • Economy 7
  • (Under ecophysiology, n.)
    • ecophysiologist
  • (Under ecopsychology, n.)
    • ecopsychologist
  • (Under ecotoxicology, n.)
    • ecotoxicologist
  • (Under effect, n.)
    • effects test
  • (Under effective, adj. and n.)
    • effective demand
    • effective mass
  • (Under effector, n. and adj.)
    • effector cell
  • (Under electrical, adj. and n.)
    • electrical cable
    • electrical chair
    • electrical charge
    • electrical conductivity
    • electrical power
    • electrical resistance
    • electrical storm
  • (Under electric arc, n.)
    • electric arc furnace
  • (Under electric, adj. and n.)
    • electric bulb
    • electric cable
    • electric chorea
    • electric dipole
    • electric induction
    • electric light bulb
    • electric line
    • electric moment
    • electric quadrupole
    • electric socket
    • electric tram
    • electric vehicle
    • electric-powered
  • (Under electricity, n.)
    • electricity meter
  • (Under electrifying, adj.)
    • electrifyingly
  • (Under electroactive, adj.)
    • electroactivity
  • (Under electro-, comb. form)
    • electroanalytic
    • electroblot
    • electroblotting
    • electro-brassed
    • electroceramic
    • electroconductivity
    • electrocoppered
    • electrocoppering
    • electrocortical
    • electrocorticogram
    • electrodiagnostic
    • electroejaculation
    • electrofarmer
    • electrofarming
    • electrogastrogram
    • electroglow
    • electrokinematics
    • electropolishing
    • electropollution
    • electrorefining
    • electroretinographic
    • electrorheological
    • electrospinning
    • electrospray
    • electrotractor
  • (Under electrocardiographic, adj.)
    • electrocardiographically
  • (Under electrocute, v.)
    • electrocuted
  • (Under electrodeposit, v.)
    • electrodeposited
  • (Under electroencephalographic, adj.)
    • electroencephalographically
  • (Under electrogild, v.)
    • electrogilded
  • (Under electromagnetic, adj.)
    • electromagnetic coil
    • electromagnetic force
    • electromagnetic gun
    • electromagnetic pulse
    • electromagnetic radiation
    • electromagnetic spectrum
    • electromagnetic wave
    • electromagnetic energy
    • electromagnetic field
    • electromagnetic theory
  • (Under electromechanical, adj.)
    • electromechanically
  • (Under electromotive, adj. and n.)
    • electromotively
    • electromotivity
  • (Under electron, n.2)
    • electron acceptor
    • electron affinity
    • electron-deficient
    • electron-dense
    • electron density
    • electron donor
    • electron-lucent
    • electron microprobe
    • electron neutrino
    • electron probe
  • (Under electronic, adj.)
    • electronic church
    • electronic component
    • electronic countermeasure
    • electronic engineer
    • electronic engineering
    • electronic funds transfer
    • electronic intelligence
    • electronic signature
    • electronic voice phenomenon
  • (Under electronics, n.)
    • electronics engineer
    • electronics engineering
  • (Under electropaint, v.)
    • electropainted
  • (Under electrophysiological, adj.)
    • electrophysiologically
  • (Under electroporate, v.)
    • electroporated
  • (Under Euro-, comb. form)
    • Euro-America
    • Euro-Asian
    • Eurobeat
    • Euro-commercial paper
    • Eurodisco
    • Euro-English
    • Euro-federalism
    • Euro-federalist
    • Euro-house
    • Euro-jargon
    • Europhilia
    • Europhobia
    • Euro-rebel
    • Euroroute
    • Eurostyle
    • Euro-wasp
  • (Under Euro, n.2)
    • euro coin
    • euro sign
  • (Under European, adj. and n.)
    • European-wide
  • (Under Europe, n.)
    • Europe-wide
  • (Under evolutionary, adj.)
    • evolutionary algorithm
    • evolutionary clock
    • evolutionary psychologist
    • evolutionary psychology
  • (Under exclusive, adj. and n.)
    • Exclusive Economic Zone
  • (Under flying, adj.)
    • flying fuck
    • go take a flying fuck
    • not to give a flying fuck
  • (Under free and easy, adj., adv., and n.)
    • free-and-easy club
  • (Under free, adj., n., and adv.)
    • free agent
    • free arm
    • free ball
    • free beach
    • free-blown
    • free coinage
    • free drop
    • free-free
    • free gift
    • Queen Anne’s free gift
    • free-going
    • free good
    • free grant
    • free grass
    • free-grown
    • free moisture
    • free pardon
    • free pistol
    • free play
    • free press
    • free recall
    • free rifle
    • free safety
    • freesheet
    • free shot
    • free space
    • free spirit
    • free stall
    • free-standing
    • free stream
    • free streaming
    • freetail
    • freetail bat
    • free-tailed
    • free television
    • free text
    • free transfer
    • free TV
    • free variable
    • free water
    • free weight
    • free-burning
    • free-choosing
    • free-draining
    • free-floater
    • free-given
    • free-hanging
    • free-scoring
    • free-speaking
    • free spender
  • (Under freed, adj.)
    • freed-up
  • (Under freedom, n.)
    • freedom fighting
    • freedom papers
    • freedom song
    • freedom walker
    • freedom movement
    • freedom struggle
  • (Under free-handed, adj.)
    • free-handedly
  • (Under freeline, v.)
    • freelined
    • freelining
  • (Under free market, n.)
    • free marketer
  • (Under free marketeer, n.)
    • free-marketeering
  • (Under free radical, n.)
    • free-radical damage
    • free-radical mechanism
    • free-radical scavenger
    • free-radical scavenging
  • (Under freestyle, v.)
    • freestyling
  • (Under freeway, n.)
    • freeway space
  • (Under fuck, v.)
    • to fuck around
    • to fuck over
    • to fuck with ——
  • (Under fuck you, n. and adj.)
    • fuck-you money
  • (Under full, adj., n.3, and adv.)
    • full ride
  • (Under gay, adj., adv., and n.)
    • gay blade
    • Gay Nineties
    • gay bar
    • gay boy
    • Gay Day
    • gay ghetto
    • gay icon
    • gay liberationist
    • gay power
    • gay rape
    • gay rights
    • gay scene
    • gay sex
    • gay village
    • gay-baiting
    • gay-themed
  • (Under gene, n.1)
    • gene chip
    • gene gun
    • gene silencing
    • gene splicing
  • (Under genetic, adj.)
    • genetic algorithm
    • genetic determinism
    • genetic load
    • genetic marker
    • genetic memory
  • (Under geneticize, v.)
    • geneticization
  • (Under genotype, v.)
    • genotyping
  • (Under girl, n.)
    • girls’ school
    • girl band
    • girl group
    • girl show
    • girl talk
    • girl trouble
    • girl watcher
    • girl cadet
    • girl singer
  • (Under girlish, adj.)
    • girlish-looking
  • (Under girly, adj.)
    • girly girl
  • (Under heaven, n.)
    • Heaven-abandoned
  • (Under heavenly, adj. and n.)
    • heavenly host
  • (Under hell, n. and int.)
    • hell week
    • hell-devouring
    • hell-bound
  • (Under Hellenistic, adj.)
    • Hellenistic Jew
  • (Under hello, v.)
    • helloing
  • (Under immunize, v.)
    • immunized
  • (Under immuno-, comb. form)
    • immunopharmacology
    • immunoblot
    • immunoblotted
    • immunoblotting
    • immunolabelling
    • immunoperoxidase
    • immunostaining
    • immunosurgery
    • immunosurgically
    • immunotoxin
    • immunocompetent
  • (Under immunohistochemical, adj.)
    • immunohistochemically
  • (Under language, n. (and int.))
    • language attrition
    • language-impaired
    • language organ
    • language planner
    • language police
    • language rights
    • language transfer
    • language behaviour
    • language boundary
    • language-centred
    • language community
    • language policy
    • language school
    • language skill
    • language student
    • language usage
    • language variety
    • language-like
  • (Under love, n.1)
    • love darg
    • love fest
    • love fever
    • love game
    • love glove
    • love god
    • love goddess
    • love heart
    • love matter
    • love offering
    • love pill
    • love play
    • love rat
    • love rites
    • love romance
    • love triangle
    • love veil
    • love-wildered
    • love work
    • love bug
    • love chant
    • love meeting
    • love-prank
    • love visit
    • love-hating
  • (Under lover, n.2)
    • lover’s nuts
    • lovers rock
    • lovers’ tiff
    • lovers’ walk
  • (Under sad, adj., n., and adv.)
    • sad case
    • sadware
  • (Under saddening, adj.)
    • saddeningly
  • (Under saddle, n.1 (and adj.))
    • saddle pillar
    • saddle pin
    • saddle pocket
    • saddle ring
    • saddle stool
    • saddle string
    • saddle gear
    • saddle mule
  • (Under sadistic, adj.)
    • sadisticism
  • (Under southern, adj. and n.1)
    • Southern Gothic
  • (Under strong, adj.)
    • strong safety
    • strong side
  • (Under third, adj., (adv.), and n.)
    • third heaven

Finally, new meanings were added to the following entries:

  • boy, n.1 and int.
  • cider, n.
  • direct, adj. and adv.
  • Gothic, adj. and n.
  • graffito, n.
  • indirect, adj.
  • jock, n.5

 

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