A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Search Definitions case sensitive First Edition Preface  Second Edition Preface  Acknowledgments

Section T T index 61-69 of 589 terms Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 Next telephotometry—The body of principles and techniques concerned with measuring atmospheric extinction using various types of telephotometer. See photometry, radiometer telescoped ice—Same as rafted ice. telethermometer—A temperature-measuring system in which the thermally sensitive element is located at a distance from the indicating element. telethermoscope—A temperature telemeter, frequently used in a weather station to indicate the temperature at the instrument shelter located outside. See telethermometer. Television and Infrared Observation Satellite—(Abbreviated TIROS.) The first satellite series dedicated to meteorological observations. TIROS-1, launched in April 1960, carried a vidicon television camera to provide visible images of the earth. TIROS-8, launched in December 1963, introduced APT, while TIROS-9, launched in January 1965 in a sun-synchronous orbit, produced the first global composite imagery. The first ten satellites in the TIROS series, launched from 1960 to 1965, were experimental systems. From 1966 to 1969 TIROS satellites were used for the first series of operational polar-orbiting satellites, the TIROS Operational System. These satellites were named ESSA-1 through ESSA-9. A second series of operational satellites, the Improved TIROS Operational System, was launched between 1970 and 1976 and includes the ITOS-1 satellite, as well as NOAA-1 through 5. The current polar-orbiting series began with TIROS-N, launched on 13 October 1978, and continuing with NOAA-6, -7, and -12. NOAA-8 through -11 and NOAA-14 were modified versions of TIROS- N, designated Advanced TIROS-N satellites. Like GOES, the polar-orbiting satellites are typically given a letter designation as they are built and then renamed with a number after they are successfully launched. Thus NOAA-J became NOAA-14 after launch. TIROS-N is an exception to this rule. telluric lines—Dark absorption lines observed in a spectrum of solar radiation obtained with an instrument located near the earth's surface. These lines are produced by constituents of the atmosphere of the earth itself. They appear relatively narrow due to the cool temperature of the atmospheric gases, and are quite distinct from the broad Fraunhofer lines caused by absorption by high-temperature solar gases. The terrestrial nature of these narrow telluric lines is revealed by their intensity variation with solar zenith angle and by their freedom from any Doppler broadening due to solar rotation. Water vapor produces the strongest of the telluric lines in the visible spectrum. TEMPAL code—A code in which data on the 0° and −10°C isotherms are encoded and transmitted. It is a modification of the international analysis code. temperate belt—As given by A. Supan in 1879, a belt around the earth within which the annual mean temperature is less than 20°C (68°F) and the mean temperature of the warmest month is higher than 10°C (50°F). These limits separate this belt from the hot belt and cold caps, respectively. See climatic classification.           Supan, A., 1879: Die Temperaturzonen der Erde. Petermanns Geog. Mitt., 25, 349–358. temperate climate—Very generally, the climatic zone of the “middle” latitudes; the variable climates between the extremes of tropical climate and polar climate. temperate glacier—In Ahlmann's glacier classification, a glacier that, at the end of the melting season, is composed of firn, and ice at the melting point. Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 Next