| Section S | S index | 691-699 of 1376 terms |
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sound—A pressure fluctuation, usually in the range of audible frequencies, resulting from a displacement of a gas, liquid, or solid, that can be detected by a mechanical or electromechanical transducer (e.g., a barometer, microphone, or the human ear).
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sounder—An instrument that acquires multispectral measurements from which vertical profiles of atmospheric temperature and humidity can be derived.
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sounding balloon—A free, unmanned balloon instrumented and/or observed for the purpose of obtaining a sounding of the atmosphere. See balloon for list of types.
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sounding pole—(Also called sounding rod.) Graduated rigid pole or rod for measuring the depth of water.
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sounding weight—Weight of streamlined shape attached to a sounding line or to the suspension of a current meter when observing depth and/or velocities in streams.
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source region—Extensive region of the earth's surface characterized by essentially uniform surface conditions, and so located with respect to the general atmospheric circulation pattern that a volume of air remains in contact with the surface long enough to acquire properties that distinguish it as an air mass (e.g., central Canada for continental polar air). See airmass source region.
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source terms—In spectral wave modeling, the contributions to net energy increase and decrease within each spectral band, due to such effects as energy input from the wind, nonlinear transfer of energy between different spectral components, energy dissipation by wave breaking, bottom stress, etc. These contributions do not include the spatial flux of energy due to wave propagation or the flux in wavenumber space due to changes in water depth or current.
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