| Section S | S index | 1021-1029 of 1376 terms |
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Stokes wave—A nonlinear irrotational long-crested ocean wave, neglecting surface tension effects. It was first described by Sir George Gabriel Stokes (1819–1903), who produced a series expansion in powers of the wave amplitude. Its steepest form has a crest with a 120° angle.
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stomatal resistance—The opposition to transport of quantities such as water vapor and carbon dioxide to or from the stomata (pores) on the leaves of plants. For water vapor, stomatal resistance r is defined as  where qi and qs are the specific humidities in the interior of the stomate cavity and at the exterior surface of the leaf, is air density, and E is the moisture flux. The dimension of r is time per distance, that is, inverse velocity. This equation is analogous to that for an electrical resistance, proportional to the ratio of voltage potential divided by current flow. See transpiration.
Oke, T. R., 1987: Boundary Layer Climates, chap. 4.
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stooping—A mirage in which the angular height of the image is less than that of the object. As the width is unaffected (the angular width of image width remains that of the object because the refractive index gradient is vertical), the aspect ratio is altered and distant images appear vertically squashed. Stooping often accompanies looming: Distant features appear lifted and squashed. Compare towering, sinking.
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storage coefficient—(Also known as storativity.) The volume of water released from storage in a confined aquifer per unit surface area per unit decrease in the hydraulic head. The storage coefficient is the product of the specific storage and the aquifer thickness.
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storage curve—In a surface water body, a curve depicting the volume of stored water as a function of stage.
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storage ratio—Ratio of the net available storage of a reservoir to the annual mean inflow.
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