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Section S S index 491-499 of 1376 terms
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sling thermometer—A thermometer mounted upon a frame connected to a handle at one end by means of a bearing or length of chain, so that the thermometer may be whirled by hand in order to provide the necessary ventilation.
slope area method—An indirect method of discharge measurement, especially after floods, by determining the water surface slope during the peak flow, by using the high water marks, a survey of two or more river cross sections along a stretch of the river, and by estimating the river roughness coefficient. The discharge is then calculated by the Manning equation or Chezy equation.
slope current—See gradient current.
slope flow—Along-slope flows generated by heating or cooling of the slope. A warm slope surface, as produced by daytime heating, generates anabatic or upslope winds, whereas a cool surface, as from nocturnal cooling, generates katabatic or downslope winds. Slope flows are a component of mountain–valley and mountain–plains wind systems.
slope of a front—Tangent of the angle formed by the frontal surface with a horizontal plane.
slope of an isobaric surface—Tangent of the angle formed by an isobar with a horizontal plane.
Slope Water—A water mass found in the permanent thermocline between the Gulf Stream and the continental shelf north of Cape Hatteras (35°N); similar properties as North Atlantic Central Water but about 0.8 psu lower in salinity.
slope winds—Cross-valley winds that are driven up or down sloping terrain by buoyant forces. Examples are anabatic (upslope) winds caused by rising warm air during daytime and katabatic (downslope) winds caused by descending cold air at night. Compare slope flows.
slope windstorm—(Also called downslope windstorm.) Occurs when strong synoptic-scale winds blow over a mountain ridge top, where the winds are trapped below a strong temperature inversion located at an altitude just above the ridge top. The resulting fall winds on the lee side of the ridge are trapped close to the surface and can destroy buildings and blow down trees. See also chinook, foehn.
slow ion—Same as large ion.
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