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Section C C index 1151-1157 of 1157 terms
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cyclonic—Having a sense of rotation about the local vertical the same as that of the earth's rotation: that is, as viewed from above, counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere, clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere, undefined at the equator; the opposite of anticyclonic.
cyclostrophic flow—A form of gradient flow in which the centripetal acceleration exactly balances the horizontal pressure force. See cyclostrophic wind.
cyclostrophic wind—That horizontal wind velocity for which the centripetal acceleration exactly balances the horizontal pressure force: where Vc is the cyclostrophic wind speed, R the radius of curvature of the path, α the specific volume, p the pressure, and n the direction normal to the streamlines toward the center of curvature of the path. The cyclostrophic wind can be an approximation to the real wind in the atmosphere only near the equator, where the Coriolis acceleration is small; or in cases of very great wind speed and curvature of the path (such as a tornado or hurricane), so that the centripetal acceleration is the dominant one. See Eulerian wind.
cyclotron frequency—See gyro-frequency.
cylindrical coordinates—(Also called cylindrical polar coordinates, circular cylindrical coordinates.) A system of curvilinear coordinates in which the position of a point in space is determined by 1) its perpendicular distance from a given line, 2) its distance from a selected reference plane perpendicular to this line, and 3) its angular distance from a selected reference line when projected onto this plane. The coordinates thus form the elements of a cylinder, and, in the usual notation, are written r, θ, and z, where r is the radial distance from the cylinder's z axis, and θ is the angular position from a reference line in a cylindrical cross section normal to the z axis. The relations between the cylindrical coordinates and the rectangular Cartesian coordinates (x, y, z) are x = r cos θ, y = r sin θ, z = z. See also polar coordinates.
cylindrical polar coordinates—Same as cylindrical coordinates.
cylindrical projection—A type of map projection in which features on a sphere are projected onto a cylinder. The cylinder can be either tangent to the sphere, for which contact is along a great circle path, or pass through the sphere, for which contact is along two circles.
CZCS—Abbreviation for Coastal Zone Color Scanner.
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