| A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z | ||
First Edition Preface Second Edition Preface Acknowledgments
Section S S index 1281-1289 of 1376 terms
Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 Next
surface detention—(Also called detention storage.) The portion of the storm rainfall that flows on the land surface toward the channel, but has not yet reached it. It does not include depression storage.
surface energy balance—A statement of the conservation of energy applied to a given surface. The main terms involved include the vertical fluxes of energy into or out of the surface due to net radiation, sensible heat, and latent heat, as well as the net horizontal fluxes of energy that may take place below the surface (e.g., due to ocean currents). Any nonzero residual flux is typically applied as a storage term, increasing or decreasing the internal energy below the surface, usually resulting in an associated change of surface temperature.
surface energy—See surface tension.
surface float—A buoyant device subject to wind effects used to measure water velocity on surface water bodies.
surface flow—Same as overland flow.
surface forecast chart—Prognostic chart for a given time, that is, 24 hours ahead of the surface synoptic situation.
surface free energy—Same as surface tension.
surface friction—Resistance to movement of air flowing along the surface of the earth or other surface such as an airplane wing. The total drag at the surface is a combination of skin drag due to viscosity, form drag due to pressure forces created as the wind hits roughness elements, and gravity wave drag in the case of statically stable air. In the atmosphere, surface friction is related to turbulent drag. Compare friction velocity, drag coefficient, Reynolds stress.
surface front—See front.
surface gravity wave—A wave that propagates, typically, on the surface of water under the influence of buoyancy forces. In water of uniform depth H, the dispersion relationship is given by squared frequency in which k is the wavenumber and g is the acceleration of gravity. In shallow water, when the wavelength is much larger than the fluid depth, the waves are nondispersive; the dispersion relationship is then in which phase speed c = (gH)½. In deep water the waves have the dispersion relationship
Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 Next