|
|
| 1729 | Birth |  |
| 2nd May Birth of Catherine II the Great, a minor German princess with a very remote Russian ancestry, and a cousin of Gustav III of Sweden and of Charles XIII of Sweden |
| 1745 | Diplomacy | |
| 8th Jan England, Austria, Saxony and the Netherlands form an alliance against Russia |
| 1745 | Marriage | |
| 21st Aug Catherine marries the Grand Duke Peter, the newlyweds settle in the Palace of Oranienbaum, which would remain the residence of the "young court" for 16 years |
| 21st Aug The future Catherine the Great marries the future Tsar Peter III |
| 21st Aug The marriage proves unsuccessful - due to the Grand Duke Peter's impotence and mental immaturity he may not have consummated it for 12 years |
| 1762 | Coup d'Etat | |
| 4 days afterwar a coup Catherine's husband Peter III dies in a scuffle |
| Catherine's lover Gregori Orlov stages a coup |
| 17th July Rospha Death of Peter III, at the hands of Alexei Orlov (younger brother to Gregory Orlov, then court favorite and a participant in the coup) |
| 1762 | Death | |
| 17th July Rospha Death of Peter III, at the hands of Alexei Orlov (younger brother to Gregory Orlov, then court favorite and a participant in the coup) |
| 1762 | Rebellion | |
| 14th July In the course of July 13 and July 14, the revolt of the Leib Guard removes Peter from the throne and proclaimes Catherine as reigning Empress |
| 1762 | Succession | |
| 14th July In the course of July 13 and July 14, the revolt of the Leib Guard removes Peter from the throne and proclaimes Catherine as reigning Empress |
| 17th July Although not descended from any Russian Emperor, Catherine succeeds her husband and becomes reigning Empress , following an earlier precedent when Catherine I succeeded Peter I in World for the year 1725">1725 |
| 17th July Catherine's ascension manifesto justifies her succession by citing the "unanimous election" but many regard her reign as a usurpation, tolerable only during the minority of Grand Duke Paul |
| 25th Dec Peter succeeds to the throne as Peter III of Russia and moves into the new Winter Palace in St. Petersburg, Catherine thus becomes Empress Consort of Russia |
| 1764 | Rule of Poland | |
| Warsaw Secures the election of her nominee King Stanislas Poniatowski to the throne of Poland |
| 1767 | Constitution | |
| A commission of 564 Deputies is appointed for the modernization of the State |
| 1768 | Rebellion | |
| 200,000 die in 3 weeks, the Seym, Polish Parliament, is suppressed |
| Warsaw Stanislas Poniatowski is elected King but Prince Repnin imposes Catherine's rule |
| 1768 | Rule of Poland | |
| Warsaw Stanislas Poniatowski is elected King but Prince Repnin imposes Catherine's rule |
| 1770 | Battle of Chesma | |
| 16th July Chesma Catherine makes Russia the dominant power in south-eastern Europe after her war against the Ottoman Empire which see major victories at Chesma and Kagul |
| 1770 | Battle of Kagul | |
| 16th July Kagul Catherine makes Russia the dominant power in south-eastern Europe after her war against the Ottoman Empire which see major victories at Chesma and Kagul |
| 1772 | Partition | |
| Dwina Acquires land west as far as the Dwina & South almost as far as Kiev & the Dnieper |
| Dwina Partitions Poland from Dwina to Kiev |
| Secured the election of Stanislas Poniatowski to the throne of Poland in World for the year 1764">1764 |
| 1773 | Rebellion | |
| Catherine II defeats a rebellion in eastern Russia led by Yemelyan Pugachev |
| 1774 | Rule of Crimea | |
| 16th July Crimea The treaty of Kutchuk cedes Kerch and several other Black Sea ports in the Crimea to Russia and declared the rest of the khanate of Crimea independent. |
| 1774 | Rule of Kerch | |
| 16th July Kerch The treaty of Kutchuk cedes Kerch and several other Black Sea ports in the Crimea to Russia and declared the rest of the khanate of Crimea independent. |
| 1774 | Rule of Moldavia | |
| 16th July Moldavia Under the treaty of Kutchuk Kainardji Moldavia is returned to Turkey |
| 1774 | Rule of Moldovia | |
| 16th July Moldavia and Walachia were restored to the suzerainty of the sultan, but Russia obtains the right of intervening with the Sublime Porte (the sultan's court) on behalf of those two principalities |
| 1774 | Rule of Steppes | |
| 16th July Steppes Under the treaty of Kutchuk Kainardji the Steppes are returned to Russia |
| 1774 | Rule of Walachia | |
| 16th July Moldavia and Walachia were restored to the suzerainty of the sultan, but Russia obtains the right of intervening with the Sublime Porte (the sultan's court) on behalf of those two principalities |
| 1774 | Rule of Wallachia | |
| 16th July Wallachia Under the treaty of Kutchuk Kainardji Wallachia is returned to Turkey |
| 1774 | Treaty of Kutchuk | |
| 16th July Kutchuk Moldavia and Walachia were restored to the suzerainty of the sultan, but Russia obtains the right of intervening with the Sublime Porte (the sultan's court) on behalf of those two principalities |
| 16th July Kutchuk Proclaimed Protectress of the Chris tians in the Balkans |
| 16th July Kutchuk Russia gains access to the Black Sea & to the Straits |
| 16th July Kutchuk Russia gains the Steppes from Turkey |
| 16th July Kutchuk The Crimea gains its independence |
| 16th July Kutchuk The treaty of Kutchuk cedes Kerch and several other Black Sea ports in the Crimea to Russia and declared the rest of the khanate of Crimea independent. |
| 1779 | League Armed Neutrality | |
| Russia, Denmark, Sweden & Norway form an alliance to defend neutral shipping rights |
| 28th Feb Announces there should be free trade for all neutral vessels |
| 1781 | Alliance | |
| Signs a defensive alliance with Austria |
| 1781 | Diplomacy | |
| Signs a defensive alliance with Austria |
| 1781 | League Armed Neutrality | |
| The States General of the United Provinces joins the League of Armed Neutrality |
| 1781 | Partition | |
| Makes a Treaty with Josef II promising him the Eastern half of the Balkans |
| Makes her grandson, Constantine, ruler of a new Greek Empire |
| Partitions the Balkans to drive the Turks out of Europe |
| 1782 | Greek Plan | |
| Moscow Issues the "Greek Plan", to restore the Byzantine Empire under a Romanov Emperor |
| 1782 | League Armed Neutrality | |
| Portugal joins the League of Armed Neutrality |
| 1782 | Rule of Byzantine Empire | |
| Moscow Issues the "Greek Plan", to restore the Byzantine Empire under a Romanov Emperor |
| 1782 | Rule of Greece | |
| Moscow Issues the "Greek Plan", to restore the Byzantine Empire under a Romanov Emperor |
| 1783 | Capture of Crimea | |
| Catherine annexes Crimea , a mere nine years after it had gained independence from the Ottoman Empire as a result of her first war against the Turks |
| Crimea Catherine commissions new fortifications & a vast base at Sevastopol is built |
| Crimea Freed by Russia from Turkish sovereignty & incorporated into the Russian Empire |
| Crimea Russia Annexes the Crimea from Turkey |
| 1784 | Capture of Crimea | |
| Crimea Turkey signs a Treaty ceding the Crimea to Russia |
| 1784 | Rule of Constantinople | |
| Constantinople Catherine's "Grand Plan" of restoring Romananov rule from Constantinople ends |
| 1784 | Rule of Kodiak | |
| Kodiak Island Russia establishes a settlement on Kodiak Island |
| 1785 | Charter Nobility | |
| Noble status is made hereditary |
| The Nobility Charter grants limited rights of noble assembly & provincial government |
| The nobles are granted full control over their serfs and lands |
| 1785 | Constitution | |
| The Nobility Charter grants limited rights of noble assembly & provincial government |
| 1785 | Reform | |
| The Nobility Charter grants limited rights of noble assembly & provincial government |
| 1785 | Rule of Alaska | |
| Catherine II encourages the colonization of Alaska |
| 1787 | Declaration of War | |
| Turkey declares War against Russia over its interference in the Khanite of Georgia |
| 1788 | Diplomacy | |
| A Swedish & Turkish alliance is formed against Russia |
| 1788 | Invasion of Russia | |
| St Petersberg Sweden invades 150 miles away from St Petersburg |
| 1789 | Alliance | |
| Joseph II honours his alliance of World for the year 1781">1781 & launches a Habsburg army against Serbia |
| Belgrade The Austrian army captures Belgrade & Russia occupies the Rumanian Black Sea coast |
| 1789 | Invasion of Romania | |
| Belgrade The Austrian army captures Belgrade & Russia occupies the Rumanian Black Sea coast |
| 1789 | Rule of Romania | |
| Belgrade The Austrian army captures Belgrade & Russia occupies the Rumanian Black Sea coast |
| 1790 | Peace | |
| Agrees a status quo peace with Gustav III of Sweden after Denmark attacks Sweden |
| 1792 | Peace | |
| Jassy Peace is agreed between Turkey & Russia at Jassy |
| River Dniester The River Dniester becomes the new frontier between Russia & Turkey |
| Jessy The Rumanian principalities are returned to Turkey |
| 1792 | Rule of Bessarabia | |
| 9th Jan Bessarabia Under the treaty of Jassy Russia returns Bessarabia to Turkey |
| 1792 | Rule of Crimea | |
| 9th Jan Jassy The treaty of Jassy legitimizes Russian claima to the Crimea |
| 1792 | Rule of Moldavia | |
| 9th Jan Moldavia Under the treaty of Jassy Russia returns Moldavia to Turkey |
| 1792 | Rule of Romania | |
| Jessy The Romanian principalities are returned to Turkey |
| 1792 | Treaty of Jassy | |
| 9th Jan Jassy A pact between the Russian and Ottoman Empires ending the Russo-Turkish War of World for the year 1787">1787-92 and confirming Russia's increasing dominance in the Black Sea |
| 9th Jan Jassy Russia retains all conquered territory east of the Dniester River |
| 9th Jan Jassy Russia returns Moldavia & Bessarabia to Turkey |
| 9th Jan Jassy Signed by Grand Vizier Yusuf-Pasha and Prince Bezborodko (who had succeeded Prince Potemkin as the head of the Russian delegation upon the latter's death) |
| 9th Jan Jassy The treaty of Jassy legitimizes Russian claima to the Crimea |
| 9th Jan Jassy The treaty recognizes Russia's World for the year 1783">1783 annexation of the Crimean Khanate and transfers Yedisan to Russia making the Dniester the Russo-Turkish frontier in Europe |
| 1793 | Partition | |
| 23rd Jan Prussia takes Danzig & great Poland |
| 23rd Jan Russia has the right of troop movements & to direct Polish foreign policy |
| 23rd Jan Russia takes most of Lithuania & western Ukraine |
| 1794 | Odessa | |
| Odessa Odessa is founded as a capital province of "New Russia" & window to the sth |
| 1795 | Partition | |
| 24th Oct St Petersburg Russia, Austria and Prussia hold a convention in Petersburg to finalize the 3rd division of the Polish-Lithuanian Republic |
| 1795 | Rule of Poland | |
| 24th Oct St Petersburg Russia, Austria and Prussia hold a convention in Petersburg to finalize the 3rd division of the Polish-Lithuanian Republic |
| 1796 | Death | |
| 10th Nov Dies of apoplexy aged 67 |
| 1797 | Partition | |
| 15th Jan St Petersburg Russia, Prussia and Austria sign an act that terminates the Lithuanian-Polish state |
| 1797 | Rule of Poland Poland | |
| 15th Jan St Petersburg Russia, Prussia and Austria sign an act that terminates the Lithuanian-Polish state |