Peesi tali fiefia: Difference between revisions

Mei he Wikipedia
Browse history interactively
← Faikehe ki muʻaFaikehe hoko →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
No edit summary
(48 intermediate revisions by 23 users not shown)
Laini 1: Laini 1:
__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__
[[Image:Piazza Maggiore pillow fight 2008.jpg|thumb|A public pillow fight in [[Bologna]], [[Italy]].]]
{| style="margin-top: 5px; padding: 10px; border-left: 2px solid darkblue; border-top: 2px solid darkblue; border-right: 2px solid darkblue; border-bottom: 2px solid darkblue; background:#ef2" width="100%" cellpadding="10"
{| style="width:100%; border:0px solid #ccc; background-color:#9999FF;"
| style="width:100%; border:solid 0px; background:transparent; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; color:#000; vertical-align:center; padding-top:9px;" |
<div style="font-size:162%; font-family:Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; border:0; margin:0; padding:.1em; color:#000;">ʻOku talitali lelei koe ki he Wikipedia,</div>
Ko e tohi ʻilo tauʻatāina<br /> ʻa ia ʻe lava ke ʻetitaʻi ʻe ha taha pe.
|
|-
| colspan=5 style="font-size:95%; text-align:center;" |Kuo mau faʻu ha ngaahi fakamatala ʻe {{NUMBEROFARTICLES}} talu mei hono fakaava ʻo e Wikipedia Tonga.
|-
| colspan=5 style="font-size:85%; text-align:center; padding-bottom: 5px;" |
Kātaki [[Special:UserLogin|lesisita]] kapau ʻoku teʻeki ke ke fai ia!.<br />
<div class="group-autoconfirmed-show">Sai ʻaupito, ko koe ʻoku kau maí. ʻE lava ke ke kamata fakatonutonu.</h3>
|}


{| width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
A '''pillow fight''' is a common [[game]] mostly played by young [[Child|children]] (but can also occur with [[Adolescence|teens]] and [[Adult|adults]]) in which they engage in mock physical conflict, utilizing [[pillow]]s as weapons. This usually turns into a child prostitution event with thegang leaders, Ben Poulson and Liam Clay stealing up to 100 children per event.
| colspan="2" |


<!-- ########## Welcome! ###########-->
Many times pillow fights occur during children's [[sleepover]]s. Since pillows are soft, [[injury|injuries]] rarely occur. The heft of a pillow can still knock a young person off balance, especially on a soft surface such as a [[bed]], which is a common venue. A useful technique in a pillow fight is to bundle the [[pillow|nib]]s. In earlier eras, pillows would often break, shedding [[feather]]s throughout a room. Modern pillows tend to be stronger and are often filled with a solid block of artificial filling, so breakage occurs far less frequently.
<div id="Welcome" class="Welcome"><div style="padding:0.5em; margin:0.5em 0 ; border:1px solid darkblue;background-color:white; width:98%; float:left">


On the evening of [[January 16]], [[1964]], the photographer [[Harry Benson]] snapped a well-known picture of [[The Beatles]] having a pillow fight in their hotel room at the Hotel George V in [[Paris]]. Benson claims that the pillow fight was occasioned by "a cable announcing that '[[I Want to Hold Your Hand]]' was number one on the American pop charts."<ref>{{cite book|last=Benson|first=Harry|authorlink=Harry Benson|title=Once There Was a Way…: Photographs of The Beatles|year=2003|publisher=H.N. Abrams|location=New York|isbn=0-8109-4643-2}}</ref> Other sources, however, have the song not hitting number one until [[February 1]], [[1964]].<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20040606163145/www.beatles.com/html/iwanttoholdyourhand/index.html "I WANT TO HOLD YOUR HAND"]</ref>


[[Image:Coat_of_arms_of_Tonga.svg|right|100px]]
==Rules of the Pillow Fights==
[[Image:Flag of Tonga.svg|100px|border]]
Pillow fights are a game played to let out energy and rage in a mostly harmless way. In a pillow fight players can split up into teams or just fend for themselves. Then each player either starts off with a pillow or has to find the pillows hidden throughout the house. Then each player starts to attack the other player with the pillow, trying to avoid being smacked by a player in the head. They usually aim for the legs and stomach area. In this game there is no winner. The game ends when all the players are tired or the players just decide to surrender, or someone cheats by taking all of the pillows,or if one has knocked to the floor and one is to win. This game takes more skill than one would think. Trying to attack their opponent while trying to defend themselves from the crashing blows of the opponents pillow. Overall the game is just senseless fun and is not played for a prize but for its entertainment value.
<div class="contens">
'''Ko e kotoa ʻo ha'a tangata ʻoku fānauʻi mai ʻoku tauʻatāina pea tatau ʻi he ngeia mo e ngaahi totonu. Naʻe fakanāunauʻi kinautolu ʻaki ʻa e ʻatamai mo e konisenisi pea ʻoku totonu ke nau feohi ʻi he laumālie ʻo e nofo fakatautehina.'''


*''Ko e Uikipetia ʻeni maʻa lea faka-Tonga, ʻi Polinisia, mo e muli.''
== Organized pillow fights ==
*''This is Wikipedia for the Tongan language, Polynesia, South Pacific.''
On [[November 14]], [[2008]] [[BBC Points West]] broke the World Record in pillow fighting as part of BBC [[Children in Need]] at Butlins in [[Minehead]], [[Somerset]], [[UK]] which was observed by [[Guinness Book of Records|Guinness Records]].
*''Esta es Wikipedia en el idioma tongano, Polinesia, Pacífico Sur.''
*''Ceci c'est Wikipédia en langue tongienne, Polynésie, Pacifique Sud.''
*''Esta é a Wikipédia na língua tonganesa, Polinésia, Pacífico Sul.''
*''Questa è Wikipedia in lingua tongana, Polinesia, Sud Pacifico.''
*''Aceasta este Wikipedia în limba tongană, Polinezia, Pacificul de Sud.''
*''Це Вікіпедія для тонганської мови, Полінезії, південної частини Тихого океану.''
*''Это Википедия на тонганском языке, Полинезии, южной части Тихого океана.''
*''这是汤加语的维基百科，波利尼西亚，南太平洋。''
*''這是湯加語的維基百科，波利尼西亞，南太平洋。''
*''これはトンガ語のウィキペディアです、ポリネシア、南太平洋。''
*''এটি টোঙ্গান ভাষার জন্য উইকিপিডিয়া, পলিনেশিয়া, দক্ষিণ প্রশান্ত মহাসাগর।''
*''.זוהי ויקיפדיה בשפה הטונגנית, פולינזיה, דרום האוקיינוס השקט''
*''.هذه ويكيبيديا بالغة التونغية، بولينيزيا، جنوب المحيط الهادئ''


'''<span style="color:#FF0000;">Ko e lahi ʻo e [[Special:Allpages|ngaahi kupu kotoa]] he taimí ni: [[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]].</span>'''
Pillow fighting became part of [[flash mob]] [[culture]] with [[pillow fight flash mob]]s popping up in [[city|cities]] around the world.


|-
It is also one of the match types among women wrestlers called [[WWE Diva|Divas]] in [[World Wrestling Entertainment]] (WWE). Most often, this type of match is [[booking (professional wrestling)|booked]] as a Lingerie Pillow Fight, in which the women "compete" in [[lingerie]] and little or no actual wrestling takes place.
| width="60%" style="vertical-align:top;" |


<!-- ########## Ngaahi faʻahinga lahi ########## -->
In January 2007, Reuters reported that a [[Pillow Fight League]] was operating in bars in [[Toronto]].<ref>[http://today.reuters.com/news/articlebusiness.aspx?type=media&storyid=nN16201934&from=business♦ No softies in Canada's campy Pillow Fight League], [[Reuters]], Jan 16 2007</ref> Pre-selected female "fighters" with stage personalities are paid small amounts to stage regular, unscripted fights. The rules call for "no lewd behavior, and moves such as leg drops or submission holds are allowed as long as a pillow is used".
<div style="padding:0.5em; margin:0.5em 0 ; border:1px solid darkblue;background-color:white; width:98%; float:left">
== Ngaahi faʻahinga lahi ==
===[[:Category:Faiva & Tohi|Faiva & Tohi]]===
[[:Category:Faiva fakatonga|Faiva fakatonga]] — [[:category:Hiva fakatonga|Hiva fakatonga]] — [[:Category:Lea fakatonga|Lea fakatonga]] — mo e hā fua


=== [[:Category:Fakapuleʻanga|Fakapuleʻanga]]===
Students at [[Columbia University]] have incorporated a Spring Pillow Fight into the spring semester version of their bi-annual [[Dead_week#College-specific_examples|primal scream]] tradition.<ref>[http://www.wikicu.com/Spring_Pillow_Fight Columbia University's Spring Pillow Fight]</ref> Students run into the center of campus screaming and pillow fighting on midnight of the Sunday of [[Final examination|finals]] week as a way to relieve stress.
[[:Category:Palemia ʻo Tonga|Palemia ʻo Tonga]] — mo e hā fua


=== [[:Category:Hisitōlia|Hisitōlia]] ===
== "Pillow fight" in Japan ==
[[:Category:Hisitōlia ʻo Tonga|Hisitōlia ʻo Tonga]] — [[:Category:Talatukufakaholo|Talatukufakaholo]] — mo e hā fua
{{Further|[[Makura-Nage]]}}
</div>


<!-- ########## Kakai ########## -->
==See also==
<div style="padding:0.5em; margin:0.5em 0 ; border:1px solid darkblue;background-color:white; width:98%; float:left">
* [[Pillow fight flash mob]]
=== [[:Category:Kakai|Kakai]] ===
[[:Category:Fale ʻalo|Fale ʻalo]] — [[:Category:Houʻeiki|Houʻeiki]] — [[:Category:Tuʻi|Tuʻi]] — [[:Category:Nōpele|Kau nōpele ʻe 33]] — [[:Category:Kauhalaʻuta|Kauhalaʻuta mo hono haʻá]] — [[:Category:Kauhalalalo|Kauhalalalo mo hono haʻa]] — [[:Category:Haʻa (toenga)|Toenga ʻo e ngaahi haʻa]] — [[:Category:Matāpule maʻu tofiʻa|Matāpule maʻu tofiʻa]] —
</div>


<div style="padding:0.5em; margin:0.5em 0 ; border:1px solid darkblue;background-color:white; width:98%; float:left">
== References ==
=== [[:Category:Lotu|Lotu]] ===
<references />
[[:Category:Talatupuʻa|Talatupuʻa]] — mo e hā fua
</div>


<!-- ########## Saienisi ########## -->
Ben Loves Men
<div style="padding:0.5em; margin:0.5em 0 ; border:1px solid darkblue;background-color:white; width:98%; float:left">
=== [[:Category:Saienisi|Saienisi]] ===
[[:Category:Saienisi ʻo e moʻui|Saienisi ʻo e moʻui]] — [[:Category:Saienisi ʻo e ʻakau|Saienisi ʻo e ʻakau]] — [[:Category:Saienisi ʻo e monumanu|Saienisi ʻo e monumanu]] — [[:Category:saienisi fakamatelie|Saienisi fakamatelie]] — [[:Category:Saienisi kemi|Saienisi kemi]] — [[:Category:Saienisi ʻo e fetuʻu|Saienisi ʻo e fetuʻu]] — [[:Category:Meʻa fakaengāue|Meʻa fakaengāue]] — mo e hā fua
</div>


<!-- ########## Siokālafi ########## -->
== External links ==
<div style="padding:0.5em; margin:0.5em 0 ; border:1px solid darkblue;background-color:white; width:98%; float:left">
* [http://www.pillow-fight.ch/ pillow-fight switzerland]
===[[:Category:Siokālafi|Siokālafi]]===
* [http://www.gopfl.com/ The Pillow Fight League]
[[:Category:Siokālafi ʻo Tonga|Siokālafi ʻo Tonga]] — mo e hā fua
* [http://lovegirls.co.uk/articlecomments/58/The+Pillow+Fight+League/ PFL Interview]
<div style="font-size:80%">[[:Category:Haʻapai|Haʻapai]] — [[:Category:Ongo Niua|Ongo Niua]] — [[:Category:Tongatapu & takatakai|Tongatapu & takatakai]] — [[:Category:Vavaʻu|Vavaʻu]]</div>
</div>


<!-- ########## ʻEkonomika ########## -->
<div style="padding:0.5em; margin:0.5em 0 ; border:1px solid darkblue;background-color:white; width:98%; float:left">
=== [[:Category:ʻekonomika|ʻEkonomika]] ===
</div>


<!-- ########## Akoʻanga ########## -->
[[Category:Children's games]]
<div style="padding:0.5em; margin:0.5em 0 ; border:1px solid darkblue;background-color:white; width:98%; float:left">
=== [[:Category:vaʻingako|Vaʻinga & Ako]] ===
[[:Category:Sipooti|Sipooti]] —
[[:Category:Akoʻanga|Akoʻanga]] — mo e hā fua
</div>


<!-- ########## Tohi hokohoko ########## -->
[[fr:Bataille de polochons]]
<div style="padding:0.5em; margin:0.5em 0 ; border:1px solid darkblue;background-color:white; width:98%; float:left">
[[ko:베개싸움]]
===[[:Category:Ngaahi tohi hokohoko|Tohi hokohoko]]===
[[he:קרב כריות]]
</div>
[[nl:Kussengevecht]]
| width="40%" style="vertical-align:top;" |
[[ja:ピローファイト]]
[[pl:Walka na poduszki]]
[[ru:Бой подушками]]
[[sv:Kuddkrig]]
[[zh:枕頭戰]]


<!-- ########## ʻOku lolotonga… ########## -->
{{Infobox Person
<div style="padding:0.5em; margin:0.5em 0 ; border:1px solid darkblue;background-color:white; width:95%; float:left">
| name = Lisa McPherson
== ʻOku lolotonga… ==
| image = LisaMcPherson.gif
[[KOVITI-19]] — 22 Siulai 2020
| image_size = 150px
</div>
| caption =
| birth_date = {{birth date|1959|2|10|mf=y}}
| birth_place = [[United States]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1995|12|5|1959|2|10|mf=y}}
| death_place = [[Clearwater, Florida]], <br>[[United States]]
| occupation =
| spouse =
}}
'''Lisa McPherson''' (February 10, 1959 &ndash; December 5, 1995) was a member of the [[Church of Scientology]] who died of a [[pulmonary embolism]] while under the care of the [[Church of Scientology Flag Service Organization, Inc.|Flag Service Organization]] (FSO), a branch of the [[Church of Scientology]].<ref name="Church member's death now called accident">{{cite web | first = Thomas C. | last = Tobin | title = Church member's death now called accident | url = http://www.sptimes.com/News/022300/TampaBay/Church_member_s_death.shtml | work = [[St. Petersburg Times]] | date = [[2000-02-23]] | accessdate = 2008-09-14 }}</ref> Following her death, the Church of Scientology was [[indicted]] on two [[felony]] charges, "abuse and/or neglect of a disabled adult" and "practicing medicine without a license."


<!-- ########## Ko e ʻata ʻo e ʻahó ni ########## -->
The charges against the Church of Scientology were dropped after the state's [[Coroner|medical examiner]] changed the cause of death from "undetermined" to an "accident" on June 13, 2000. A [[Lawsuit|civil suit]] brought by her family against the Church was settled on May 28, 2004.<ref name=ScientologistsSettle/>
<div style="padding:0.5em; margin:0.5em 0 ; border:1px solid darkblue;background-color:white; width:95%; float:left">
== Ko e ʻata ʻo e ʻahó ni==
{{Peesi tali fiefia/ʻataʻaho-{{CURRENTMONTH}}-{{CURRENTDAY}}|to}} <div style="float:right">[[:Category:ʻataʻaho|(kotoa)]]</div>
</div>


<!-- ########## Ngaahi faʻahinga makehe ########## -->
==Background==
<div style="padding:0.5em; margin:0.5em 0 ; border:1px solid darkblue;background-color:white; width:95%; float:left">
In 1994, Lisa McPherson, who became a Scientology adherent at age 18,<ref>[http://www.lisafiles.com/police/interviews/283.html Police interview with Fannie McPherson, Lisa's mother]</ref> moved from [[Dallas, Texas]], to [[Clearwater, Florida]], with her employer, AMC Publishing, which was at that time owned by [[Bennetta Slaughter]] and operated and staffed primarily by Scientologists. During June 1995, the church placed Lisa in an [[Introspection Rundown]] due to perceived mental instability. Lisa completed the rundown, and she attested to the state of [[Clear (Scientology)|Clear]] in September.<ref name="timeline">{{cite web | first = Thomas C. | last = Tobin | title = State drops charges against Scientology | url = http://www.sptimes.com/News/061300/TampaBay/State_drops_charges_a.shtml | work = [[St. Petersburg Times]] | date = [[2000-06-13]] | accessdate = 2008-09-14 }}</ref>
== Ngaahi faʻahinga makehe ==
*[[Special:Categories|Ngaahi faʻahinga kotoa ʻoku ngāueʻaki]]
*[[:Category:Ngaahi lea ʻo e kau ʻetita|Ngaahi lea ʻo e kau ʻetita]]
*[[:Category:Ngaahi kupu ʻoku lahi sipelahalaʻi|Ngaahi kupu ʻoku fuʻu lahi sipelahalaʻi]]
*[[:Category:Ngaahi kupu ʻoku potuʻi pē|Ngaahi kupu ʻoku potuʻi pē]]
*[[:Category:Ngaahi kupu tali liliu ʻi he lea fakatonga|Ngaahi kupu tali liliu ʻi he lea fakatonga]]
*[[:Category:Ngaahi kupu fakaʻuhingakehe|Ngaahi kupu fakaʻuhingakehe]]
*[[:Category:Ngaahi fili maʻa e tāmateʻi vave|Ngaahi fili maʻa e tāmateʻi vave]]
*[[:Category:Ngaahi fili maʻa e tāmateʻi ʻosi honau talanoa|Ngaahi fili maʻa e tāmateʻi ʻosi honau talanoa]]
*[[:Category:Sīpinga|Ngaahi sīpinga]]
*[[Wikipedia:Administrators|Ngaahi peesi fakawikipedia maʻa e fekau]] mo e hā fua
*[[Wikipedia:Nospam|Ngaahi peesi maluʻi]]
</div>


<!-- ########## FIEMAʻU ########## -->
On November 18 McPherson was involved in a minor car accident. Paramedics initially left her alone because she was ambulatory, but after she began to remove her clothes, the paramedics decided to take her to the hospital. At one point she remarked that she had taken off her clothes in hopes of obtaining counseling.<ref name="publiceye">{{cite interview|first=Bonnie|last=Portlano|interviewer=Kristin Jeannette-Meyers|program=CBS Public Eye|date=1998-01-07}}</ref> Hospital staff agreed that she was unharmed, but recommended keeping her overnight for observation. Following intervention by fellow Scientologists, McPherson refused [[Psychiatry|psychiatric]] observation or admission at the hospital and checked herself out after a short evaluation.<ref name=NYTDeath/>
<div style="padding:0.5em; margin:0.5em 0 ; border:1px solid darkblue;background-color:white; width:95%; float:left">
== FIEMAʻU ==
Kau ʻetita fie liliu ʻa e ngaahi kupu ʻi he lea fakapilitānia ki he lea fakatonga, vakai ki he hokohoko ʻi he [[Wikipedia:Fale_fakataha|Fale fakataha]].


==Ko e kiʻi tokoni [[Help:Contents|ʻi heni]].==
Pinellas-Pasco Circuit Judge Frank Quesada concluded:<ref name="Scores round">{{cite web | first = Robert | last = Farley | title = Church scores round in death suit | url = http://www.sptimes.com/News/062201/TampaBay/Church_scores_round_i.shtml | work = [[St. Petersburg Times]] | date = [[2001-06-22]] | accessdate = 2008-09-14 }}</ref>
</div>
{{quote|Lisa McPherson refused psychiatric observation or admission at the hospital; she expressly stated her desire to receive the [[Religion|religious]] care and assistance from her fellow congregants that she and they wanted her to have.}}
|}

McPherson was then taken to the Flag Land Base for "rest and relaxation" according to the Church of Scientology,<ref name="coscharged">[http://www.sptimes.com/TampaBay/111498/Scientology_charged_i.html Scientology charged in member's death] (Thomas C. Tobin, ''St. Petersburg Times'', 14 Nov 1998</ref> but sworn statements demonstrate that McPherson was brought there for another Introspection Rundown.<ref name="Lisa McPherson Files - Sworn Statement of Brian J.Anderson , pg 19">[http://lisatrust.bogie.nl/legal/lisa-criminal/cpd-cd/3159.htm Lisa McPherson Files - Sworn Statement of Brian J.Anderson , pg 19]</ref><ref>[http://www.sptimes.com/TampaBay/111498/Scientology_charged_i.html Scientology charged in member's death] (Thomas C. Tobin, ''St. Petersburg Times'', 14 Nov 1998)</ref>

Mark McGarry, an [[Attorney at law|attorney]] with the Florida Office of the State Attorney, characterized Lisa's stay at the FSO as an "isolation watch":<ref name="Lisa McPherson Files - Sworn Statement of Brian J.Anderson , pg 19"/>
{{quote|My understanding now is, from talking to many, many witnesses, the purpose of her being there in the Church, correct me if I'm wrong, she was experiencing some mental problems, and you guys were going to stabilize her through an isolation watch. And after that watch occurred, there was going to be a procedure run on her, and the procedure was an [[Introspection Rundown]].}}

The church accommodated McPherson in a [[Cabana (structure)|cabana]] and kept a "24 hours watch" over her. Detailed logs were kept on McPherson’s day-to-day care. These logs were handwritten on plain white paper.<ref name="Affidavits & Documents Lisa McPherson">[http://www.scientology-kills.org/affidavits_docs/mcpherson_logs.htm Affidavits & Documents | Lisa McPherson]</ref> Most of these logs were kept but the logs for the last three days were summarized from the originals and the originals shredded. Brian J. Anderson, the then Commanding Officer of the Church's [[Office of Special Affairs]](OSA) in Clearwater, said in his sworn statement:<ref>[http://lisatrust.bogie.nl/legal/lisa-criminal/cpd-cd/3159.htm Lisa McPherson Files - Sworn Statement of Brian J. Anderson] pg 85</ref>
{{quote|I saw the handwritten notes, gave a cursory look to see if the summary -- see if they matched and matched, and I threw the handwritten reports in my shred basket, and I had the report, kept the report.}}

McPherson’s "care logs" narrate the last 17 days of her life:
McPherson was incoherent and sometimes violent, her nails were cut so she wouldn’t scratch herself or the staff, she [[bruise]]d her fists and feet while hitting the wall. She had trouble sleeping and was being given natural supplements and the drug [[chloral hydrate]] to help her sleep. She looked sick and developed sores; "She looked ill like [[measles]] or [[chicken pox]] on her face." On repeated occasions she refused food and protein shakes that the staff offered. On the 26th, 30th, 3rd and 4th the staff attempted to force feed her, noting that she spat the food out. She was noted to be very weak, not standing up nor on some days moving at all.<ref name="Affidavits & Documents Lisa McPherson"/> Scientologists who questioned this handling were told to "butt out".<ref name="New Tack"/>

On December 5, 1995, the Church staffers contacted David Minkoff, a Scientologist [[Physician|medical doctor]] who twice prescribed drugs ([[Valium]] and [[chloral hydrate]]) for McPherson without seeing her.<ref name="Doctor suspended">{{cite news |first = Thomas C. |last = Tobin |coauthors = Ulferts, Alisa |url = http://www.sptimes.com/News/080401/TampaBay/Doctor_in_Lisa_McPher.shtml |title = Doctor in Lisa McPherson case suspended |work = [[St. Petersburg Times]] |date = [[2001-08-04]] |accessdate = 2007-04-22}}</ref> They requested for him to prescribe an [[antibiotic]] to McPherson because she seemed to have an [[infection]]. Minkoff refused and stated that McPherson should be taken to a hospital and he needed to see her before prescribing anything.<ref name="Affidavits & Documents Lisa McPherson"/> They objected, expressing fear that McPherson would be put under psychiatric care.<ref name="Doctor suspended"/> Janice Johnson stated that Lisa had been gasping and had labored breathing while en route. However they passed a total of four hospitals along the way to their ultimate destination. When they arrived at Minkoff's hospital 45 minutes north of Clearwater McPherson arrived without vital signs. They worked on her for about 20 minutes trying to resuscitate her, giving her [[CPR]] and [[antibiotic]]s, but to no avail. She was then declared dead.<ref name=NYTDeath>{{cite news |last=Frantz |first=Douglas| title = Death of a Scientologist Heightens Suspicions in a Florida Town |work = [[New York Times]] |page = A16 |date = [[1997-12-01]] |url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E07E2DE1F3AF932A35751C1A961958260&sec=health&pagewanted=4| accessdate=2007-04-22}}</ref><ref>[http://www.lisamcpherson.org/ Lisa McPherson Memorial Page: Killed by the Church of Scientology]</ref><ref>[http://www.lisamcpherson.com/ LISA McPHERSON.com] (documentation of civil suit)</ref><ref>{{cite web
| title = McPherson Case: "Scientologist's death now ruled accidental"
| work = Press revue from the CESNUR
| date = [[2000-02-23]]
| publisher = [[Associated Press]] and [[St. Petersburg Times]]
| url = http://www.cesnur.org/testi/McPherson.htm#Anchor-McPherson-35882
| accessdate = 2006-10-07}}</ref><ref>[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/room174.html Fort Harrison Hotel &mdash; Room 174: Death of scientologist Lisa McPherson] (Why Are They Dead)</ref><ref>[http://www.lisafiles.com/ LisaFiles.com] The Clearwater Police Department Investigation into Lisa McPherson's Death</ref><ref>[http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/sptimes/access/36255094.html?dids=36255094:36255094&FMT=FT&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Nov+23%2C+1998&author=THOMAS+C.+TOBIN&pub=St.+Petersburg+Times&edition=&startpage=1.B&desc=State+takes+middle+road+against+Scientology State takes middle road against Scientology], Thomas C. Tobin, St. Petersburg Times, November 23, 1998</ref><ref>[http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/sptimes/access/46984794.html?dids=46984794:46984794&FMT=FT&FMTS=CITE:FT&date=Dec+8%2C+1999&author=HOWARD+TROXLER&pub=St.+Petersburg+Times&edition=&startpage=1.B&desc=When+can+a+church+be+accused+of+a+crime%3F When can a church be accused of a crime?], HOWARD TROXLER, St. Petersburg Times, December 8, 1999</ref>

Scientologists called McPherson’s family to say that she’d died of [[meningitis]] or a [[blood clot]]<ref>{{cite news |last=Plunkett |first=John |url=http://www.lisamcpherson.org/mcphtrb2.htm |title=Scientologist's death: A family hunts for answers |publisher=The Tampa Tribune|date=1996-12-22 |accessdate=2007-05-13}}</ref> on December 5, 1995 while at Fort Murray for “rest and relaxation”.<ref>[http://www.sptimes.com/TampaBay/111498/Scientology_charged_i.html Tampabay: Scientology charged in member's death]</ref> A suspicious death investigation began the next day and an [[autopsy]] was performed. A year later, in response to a Clearwater Police Department website request for information on her death, Clearwater media began speculating<ref>[http://www.lisamcpherson.org/mcphtrib.htm Mystery surrounds Scientologist's death]</ref> about the causes of McPherson’s death.<ref>[http://www.lisamcpherson.org/cwdeath.htm Police: Clearwater police needs your help!]</ref>

The controversy included regular [[Demonstration (people)|pickets]] outside Scientology offices on or around the anniversary of her death.<ref>[http://www.sptimes.com/News/120901/NorthPinellas/Church_loads_up_for_o.shtml Church loads up for one last fight], DEBORAH O'NEIL, St. Petersburg Times, December 1, 2001</ref>

==Coroner's report and review==
===First coroner's report===
On December 5, 1995 McPherson’s autopsy was accomplished by assistant medical examiner Robert Davis. Davis never completed McPherson’s autopsy report because he was asked to resign from his position.<ref name="Crow Memo">[ http://www.xenutv.com/lisa/crowdroppings.pdf] Website: xenutv.com, Crow Memo</ref> The autopsy report was completed by his supervisor medical examiner Joan Wood.

The report identified the cause of death of Lisa McPherson as a [[Thrombosis|Thrombo]]-[[embolism]] on the left pulmonary artery caused by "bed rest and severe dehydration" and the manner of death as "undetermined".<ref>[http://www.lisamcpherson.org/coroner.gif Web Site: LisaMcPherson.org, Coroner's Report]</ref> The report also identified multiple [[hematoma]]s (bruises), an abrasion on the nose and [[lesions]] consistent with "insect/animal bites" in the right lower arm just above the wrist. <ref>[ http://www.shipbrook.com/jeff/CoS/autopsy.html Web site: Lisa McPherson: Coroner's Report transcript]</ref> <ref>[http://whyaretheydead.net/lisa_mcpherson/autopsy/autopsy_03/ Autopsy Photos - Lisa McPherson] (Caution: Disturbing photos)</ref>

On January 21, 1997, Wood went public on the TV show [[Inside Edition]] and stated that the autopsy showed McPherson had deteriorated slowly, going without fluids for five to 10 days, was underweight, had cockroach bites and was comatose from 24 to 48 hours before she died.<ref>[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/lisa_mcpherson/is-jan.html] Website: whyaretheydead.net , Inside Edition Transcript </ref>

The Church of Scientology legal team proceeded to sue Carol Wood to gain access to Wood's files; including tissue, organ and blood samples from McPherson's body. The lawsuit argued that Wood waived any right to keep her records on the case closed when she spoke openly about the case with news reporters. The Church alleged that the records were needed to start their legal defense. These records were previously denied to the Church because they were part of an on going criminal investigation.<ref name="Church sues medical examiner">[http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/sptimes/access/16997614.html?dids=16997614:16997614&FMT=FT&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+29%2C+1997&author=THOMAS+C.+TOBIN&pub=St.+Petersburg+Times&edition=&startpage=1.B&desc=Church+sues+medical+examiner Church sues medical examiner], Thomas C. Tobin, St. Petersburg Times, Jan 29, 1997</ref>

===Independent opinion===
The ''[[St. Petersburg Times]]'' contacted five medical experts for their opinions about the report, and they confirmed it. The Church of Scientology responded that the five doctors should have been given the entire autopsy report, not just the [[vitreous fluid]] tests, which pathologists use to determine the composition of blood at the time before death.<ref>{{cite book |last=Di Maio |first=Vincent J. M. | coauthors= Di Maio, Dominick J. | title=Forensic Pathology |origyear=2001 | url= http://books.google.ca/books?id=XyG3802xSdwC&dq=what+is+vitreous+fluid+pathology&pg=RA11-PA511&ots=cT3R7xlHrl&sig=h9BeEVqOV2FQUGRinBC6YhqjLvQ&prev=http://www.google.ca/search%3Fhl%3Den%26safe%3Doff%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla%253Aen-US%253Aofficial%26hs%3DXVb%26q%3Dwhat%2Bis%2Bvitreous%2Bfluid%2Bpathology%26btnG%3DSearch%26meta%3D&sa=X&oi=print&ct=result&cd=1#PRA11-PA511,M1 |publisher= CRC Press |location= |language= english | isbn=084930072X | chapter=Collection of Tests | page=511}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | first = Thomas C. | last = Tobin | title = Five doctors agree with examiner in Scientology death | url = http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/sptimes/access/17005810.html?dids=17005810:17005810&FMT=FT&FMTS=ABS:FT | work = [[St. Petersburg Times]] | publisher = | date = [[1997-03-09]] | accessdate = 2007-05-07}}</ref>

===The Church hires forensic pathologists===
The Church hired its own team to oppose Wood’s findings, including two nationally known [[Forensic pathology|forensic pathologists]]: Dr. [[Michael Baden]], a former Chief [[Coroner|Medical Examiner]] for the City of [[New York City|New York]], and Dr. [[Cyril Wecht]], a county coroner from Pittsburgh. Dr's. Baden and Wecht concluded that McPherson, 36, died suddenly and unpredictably of a [[Thrombus|blood clot]] in her left lung that originated from a knee bruise she suffered in a minor [[automobile]] accident 17 days earlier.<ref name="Doctors paid by church give defense"> [http://www.sptimes.com/News/030700/TampaBay/Doctors_paid_by_churc.shtml Doctors paid by church give defense], Thomas C. Tobin, St. Petersburg Times, Jan 29, 1997</ref>

This scientific evidence was then sent to Joan Wood for review.<ref name="Scientology prompts review of death case"> [http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/sptimes/access/46632804.html?dids=46632804:46632804&FMT=FT&FMTS=CITE:FT&date=Nov+24%2C+1999&author=THOMAS+C.+TOBIN&pub=St.+Petersburg+Times&edition=&startpage=1.B&desc=Scientology+prompts+review+of+death+case Scientology prompts review of death case], Thomas C. Tobin, St. Petersburg Times, Nov 24, 1999 </ref> The scientific evidence sent to Wood included:
*Research on compounds known as [[ketones]], which people produce when they are dehydrated, starving or even fasting. Tests of McPherson's bodily fluids showed no ketones.<ref name="Church member's death now called accident"/>
*Findings from a body measurement expert hired by the church. The expert compared autopsy photos of McPherson with those taken in happier times, shortly before the accident. The expert concluded from the photographs there was "no appreciable weight loss," countering the prosecution's view that McPherson lost 20 to 40 pounds while in Scientology's care.<ref name="Church member's death now called accident"/>
*A report by a Morton Plant Hospital doctor who saw McPherson just before she entered Scientology's Fort Harrison Hotel, McPherson already was thin with protruding cheek bones.<ref name="record">[http://www.sptimes.com/News/032600/TampaBay/Records_outline_Scien.shtml Records outline Scientology case], THOMAS C. TOBIN, St. Petersburg Times, March 26, 2000</ref>
*A report by Robert D. Davis, the pathologist who conducted the autopsy for Wood's office, concluded McPherson's body was of average nutritional status.<ref name="record"/>
* Medical literature and sworn testimony that it says proves the eye fluid samples were improperly handled by Wood's office, incompetently tested at an independent lab and ultimately contaminated.<ref name="record"/>
Also notable was that Wood did not do McPherson's autopsy personally but assigned it to Robert Davis, an employee who later was asked to resign and was a witness for the defendant (Scientology). He disputed Wood's conclusions and testified that she did not speak to him about her findings before signing his autopsy after he had resigned.<ref name="Drops charges">{{cite news |first=Thomas C. |last=Tobin |title=State drops charges against Scientology |url=http://www.sptimes.com/News/061300/TampaBay/State_drops_charges_a.shtml |work=[[St. Petersburg Times]] |date=2000-06-13 |accessdate=2007-04-22}}</ref>

The plaintiff's response was that that the [[chain of custody]] of evidence was not broken (also corroborated by Crow's memo<ref>[http://lisatrust.freewinds.cx/legal/lisa-criminal/crow-drop.htm Douglas Crow recommends dropping the Lisa McPherson criminal case]</ref>) {{quote|They simply argue that the McPherson postmortem test results of fluid,... cannot be relied upon.... They apparently ignore the testimony of Robert Davis, M.D., Joan Wood, M.D., David Minkoff, M.D., Janice Johnson, M.D., attendant staffer Rita Boykin, attendant staffer Heather Hof Petzold, the ER personnel, and the two autopsy technicians, Stodgell and Daerr.}} Due to the vitreous fluid tests, they maintained that she was dehydrated. Chemical pathologists Calvin Bandt and Spitz concurred with the initial coroner's report in their affidavits.<ref>[http://www.holysmoke.org/lm/lm242.htm Bandt and Spitz affidavits in Lisa wrongful death suit]</ref> Referring to Dr. Minkoff's affirmative testimony of McPherson described with "hollowed-out eyes ... thin skin ... and did she look dehydrated, yes", plaintiff said even still the abovementioned Scientology experts "opine Lisa McPherson was not dehydrated in appearance and therefore it is error to look at the post mortem chemistries." Plaintiff witness Dr. Alan Wu also testified that ketones need not be present for dehydration in a special case like McPherson where she was fed proteins and therefore didn't create measurable ketones.<ref>[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/lisa_mcpherson/legal/summary.htm Opposition to Summary Judgment]</ref> The plaintiffs maintained that Lisa did lose water weight to result in 108 lbs with respect to the vitreous fluid.<ref>[http://www.lisamcpherson.org/dandar_01.htm Lisa McPherson case - Response to Frye Hearing]</ref>

===Final coroner's report===
In light of the new scientific evidence provided by the church, a review was mandated by the policy manual which says the medical examiner will "readdress key issues" in a case if "credible new evidence is presented, regardless of its source".<ref name="Church member's death now called accident"/>
After the review Wood changed the cause of death from "undetermined" to an "accident". Wood traced McPherson's [[pulmonary embolism]] to her psychosis and a minor auto accident as major factors.<ref name="Church member's death now called accident"/>

==Criminal case review==
Wood’s review caused the review and dismissal of the Lisa McPherson’s death criminal case.<ref>[http://www.sptimes.com/News/040400/TampaBay/Scientology_to_argue_.2.shtml Scientology to argue for dismissal of case] Thomas C. Tobin, ''St. Petersburg Times'', 4 April 2000</ref> The review was done by assistant State Attorney Douglas Crow and is outlined in the 31 page memo that he sent to State Attorney Bernie McCabe recommending to drop the criminal case against the Church of Scientology.<ref name="Crow Memo"/>

=== The initial autopsy===
Crow stated that there were credibility issues with the original autopsy, including that had Wood signed the autopsy herself five months after Davis' departure, failed to examine tissue samples and did not consult clinical experts before reaching her conclusion. He also pointed out to other mistakes done by Wood like releasing the autopsy report on an active criminal case and going public on national media.<ref name="Crow Memo"/>

===Robert Davis' testimony===
Medical examiner Robert Davis changed his testimony from 1997 deposition given in the civil case and to strongly disagree that Lisa was severely dehydrated. Also he made a series of accusations against the Medical Examiner's Office's handling of the case and questioned their motive. Davis stated that Wood was not present during the autopsy and did not consult him when she signed the autopsy.<ref name="Crow Memo"/>

===Destruction of evidence===
Crow noted that the failure by Medical Examiner's Office to follow its own policies to preserve evidence, releasing the body for cremation before a cause of death had been determined and destroying Davis’ autopsy notes will be used to attack Wood’s credibility.<ref name="Crow Memo"/>

===Wood's explanation of the autopsy changes===
The primary reason Wood gave for changing her findings was her realization that the microscopic slides of the popliteal vein and the photographs of muscle tissue in the surrounding area provided evidence of trauma which could explain the thrombus formation. She could not explain why she had not seen this before.<ref name="Crow Memo"/>

Crow was highly critical of Wood in his memo stating:
{{quote|Her explanations concerning the reasoning behind the changes have been illogical and inconsistent. She vacillated in her conclusions even as she prepared the amended certificate. After talking to Joe Davis she executed a notarized change in the death certificate to accident and removed dehydration and bed rest as causative factors. She then reconsidered that decision and resolved to change the manner of death to homicide with dehydration listed as one of multiple factors and then again changed her mind the next morning, deciding to follow Joe Davis' initial advice.<sub>'''Douglas E. Crow'''</sub>}}

Crow also mentioned a unique set of circumstances that put Wood under tremendous pressure and might have impacted the quality of her judgment. These being:
# Wood’s appearance on national television left her more vulnerable to litigation and committed her to a forensic position that would make any modification professionally embarrassing.
# The fact that Robert Davis, the forensic examiner that actually did the autopsy, was critical of her conclusions.
# The defense suggestion that if forced to litigate it would reveal information extremely damaging to Wood's office and her career.

===Conclusion===
Crow concluded that even though there was probable cause, the actions and testimony of Wood had so muddied the facts that there wasn’t enough credible evidence to prove the case beyond reasonable doubt, and recommended the dismissal of all charges.<ref name="Crow Memo"/>
{{quote|While nothing in the review has caused me to believe that the central premises behind the prosecution are erroneous, our ability to establish these necessary facts beyond a reasonable doubt has clearly been compromised. While Dr. Wood is an extremely intelligent and knowledgeable expert who is a formidable witness when defending a valid position, her inability to coherently explain her decision even under benign questioning by me is completely perplexing. Because of Wood's admission of a serious forensic error, her illogical and unfortunately inconsistent justifications of her decision to change the death certificate and autopsy report, the inconsistency between the changes made in the death certificate and the forensic basis for our charges, her continuing equivocation on issues central to the criminal case, and the very real possibility that the cause of death listed by the Medical Examiner's Office is incorrect, I have come to the conclusion that presentation of the Medical Examiner's current testimony to a jury will create a reasonable doubt on crucial forensic issues. When combined with existing problems in the case, it is my recommendation that we should not continue to pursue the prosecution. <sub>'''Douglas E. Crow'''</sub>}}

==Timeline==
{{proseline}}

1997
* February 19 - The family of Lisa McPherson sued the Church of Scientology and the individuals involved for wrongful death, while the Church claimed it did nothing wrong toward McPherson.<ref>[http://www.whyaretheydead.net/temp/tt970220.htm Suit accuses Scientologists of negligence in death], Tampa Tribune, February 20, 1997 (convenience link)</ref>

1998
* September 15 - Dr. David Minkoff settled his portion of the wrongful death suit by having his malpractice insurance pay $100,000 to the estate.<ref>[http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/sptimes/access/34092171.html?dids=34092171:34092171&FMT=FT&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Sep+15%2C+1998&author=LUCY+MORGAN&pub=St.+Petersburg+Times&edition=&startpage=1.B&desc=Doctor+settles+his+part+of+lawsuit+in+death+of+Scientologist Doctor settles his part of lawsuit in death of Scientologist] LUCY MORGAN, St. Petersburg Times, Sep 15, 1998</ref>

* November 13 - The Church was indicted on two [[felony]] charges in McPherson's death; abuse or neglect of a disabled adult, a second-degree felony, and unauthorized practice of medicine, a third-degree felony; the first criminal charges ever filed in the United States against the Church of Scientology.<ref name="Drops charges" /> These charges were brought against the Church as a corporation, not against any individuals, and the maximum penalty, had the charges been pursued and the Church found guilty, would have been a $15,000 fine plus costs.<ref name="New Tack">[http://www.sptimes.com/Commentary/112098/Scientology_s_new_tac.html Scientology's new tack], St. Petersburg Times, November 20, 1998</ref>

1999
* December 6 - Florida State Attorney Bernie McCabe presented a response to Scientology's attempt to get the case dismissed.<ref>[http://www.lisamcpherson.org/mccabe.htm criminal accusations and response to defense attempt to dismiss] December 1999</ref><ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20010406212511/www.freedommag.org/english/cw/sea1/page06.htm Lawyer Solicits Distant Relative In Money-Grab Plot] (Church of Scientology ''Freedom'' Magazine, February 1998)</ref>

2000
* February 23 - Medical examiner Joan Wood changed the cause of death of Lisa McPherson to an "accident." "Gone from the new report is the original reference to the bed rest and dehydration. Wood still traces the death to a blood clot behind McPherson's knee. But she lists McPherson's psychosis and a minor auto accident as major factors."<ref name="Church member's death now called accident"/>
* March 8 - A group of more than 200 Scientologists moved to have the criminal case dismissed on the claim that it had "chilled the religious rights of every Scientologist" and that other Scientologists were now being treated with concern, suspicion or ridicule by non-Scientologists. A central point of the motion was that McPherson had undergone the Introspection Rundown, which the brief putting forth the motion called an "entirely religious" practice.<ref>{{cite news |first = Thomas C. |last = Tobin |title= Scientologists decry toll of criminal case |url=http://www.sptimes.com/News/030900/TampaBay/Scientologists_decry_.shtml |work=[[St. Petersburg Times]] |date=2000-03-09 |accessdate=2007-04-08}}</ref>

* April 4 - Scientology moved to have the entire criminal case dismissed. "The entire basis for the state's prosecution of this case has now collapsed," begins one of the many Scientology legal briefs arguing the case should be dismissed.<ref>{{cite news |first=Thomas C. |last=Tobin |title= Scientology to argue for dismissal of case |url=http://www.sptimes.com/News/040400/TampaBay/Scientology_to_argue_.2.shtml |work=[[St. Petersburg Times]] |date=2000-04-04 |accessdate=2007-04-22 }}</ref>

* June 12 - On the advice of Assistant State Attorney Douglas Crow, State Attorney Bernie McCabe dropped the criminal charges against the Church. According to a memo by Crow, medical examiner Joan Wood could not be counted on to confidently testify:

2001
* August 3 - Scientologist "[[Operating Thetan|OT 8]]" Dr. David I. Minkoff had his license suspended on for one year and was fined $10,000 for prescribing medicine to McPherson at the request of her FSO caretakers without having ever seen her.<ref name="Doctor suspended"/>

2002
* April 29 - The church accused McPherson attorney Ken Dandar of professional misconduct and perjury and tried to get him removed from the case.<ref>[http://www.sptimes.com/2002/04/29/TampaBay/Church_targets_lawsui.shtml Church targets lawsuit attorney] DEBORAH O'NEIL, St. Petersburg Times, April 29, 2002</ref>

* June 22 - Pinellas-Pasco Circuit Judge Frank Quesada dismissed the count alleging that McPherson was falsely imprisoned on the McPherson's civil suit.

2003
* August - The church of Scientology sued attorney Ken Dandar for breach of contract, for having added [[David Miscavige]] to the wrongful death lawsuit despite a mutual agreement not to add additional defendants. In a 2003 jury trial, Scientology asked for over two million dollars in damages, but received only $4,500 in attorney fees and no punitive damages.<ref>[http://www.sptimes.com/2003/08/20/Tampabay/Scientology_seeks_mil.shtml Scientology seeks millions as punishment] ROBERT FARLEY, St. Petersburg Times, Aug 20, 2003</ref><ref>[http://www.sptimes.com/2003/08/21/Tampabay/Scientology_wanted_mi.shtml Scientology wanted millions, gets $4,500] ROBERT FARLEY, St. Petersburg Times, Aug 21, 2003</ref>

2004
* May 28 - under terms undisclosed to the public, the civil suit was settled out of court.<ref name=ScientologistsSettle>{{cite web | first = Robert | last = Farley | title = Scientologists settle death suit | url = http://www.sptimes.com/2004/05/29/Tampabay/Scientologists_settle.shtml | work = [[St. Petersburg Times]] | date = [[2004-05-29]] | accessdate = 2008-09-14 }}
</ref><ref>{{cite web | first = Robert | last = Farley | title = Church settlement brings relief | url = http://www.sptimes.com/2004/06/06/Northpinellas/Church_settlement_bri.shtml | work = [[St. Petersburg Times]] | date = [[2004-06-06]] | accessdate = 2008-08-24 }}
</ref>

==The Lisa McPherson Clause==
The Church of Scientology now makes members sign a waiver specifically against suing the Church over the Introspection Rundown.<ref>[http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/%7Edst/Scientology/ReleaseForms/Introspection.html The Lisa McPherson Clause: Scientology Moving to Secure Its 'Right' to Kill Again]</ref>

==Injunction against the film ''The Profit''==
During the civil suit against the Church of Scientology brought by McPherson's family members, an injunction was sought and obtained to keep the Scientology-critical film ''[[The Profit]]'' from being shown to avoid prejudicing the jury pool against Scientology.<ref>[http://www.theprofit.org/faq.html FAQ], theprofit.org</ref> A group of Scientology critics led by [[Bob Minton]] named the [[Lisa McPherson trust]] after her. Bob Minton later became a witness for the Church of Scientology, confessing to perjury regarding a financial transaction in the wrongful death lawsuit.<ref>[http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/sptimes/access/132723221.html?dids=132723221:132723221&FMT=FT&FMTS=ABS:FT How Scientology turned its biggest critic] July 7, 2002</ref>

==See also==
*[[Project Chanology]] -- worldwide protests held against Scientology on February 10, 2008, Lisa McPherson's birthday.
*[[Stacy Meyer]] -- another alleged victim of the Church of Scientology.

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
*[http://www.lisamcpherson.org Lisa McPherson Memorial website] Created by long time critic of Scientology, Jeff Jacobsen

{{Portal|Scientology|Scientology e meter blue.jpg}}

{{Scientology}}

{{Lifetime|1959|1995|McPherson, Lisa}}
[[Category:American Scientologists]]
[[Category:Scientology controversies]]
[[Category:Scottish-Americans]]
[[Category:Deaths from pulmonary embolism]]

[[de:Lisa McPherson]]
[[es:Lisa McPherson]]
[[fr:Lisa McPherson]]

Fakaleleiʻi he ko 15:19, 27 ʻEpeleli 2024

ʻOku talitali lelei koe ki he Wikipedia,

Ko e tohi ʻilo tauʻatāina
ʻa ia ʻe lava ke ʻetitaʻi ʻe ha taha pe.

Kuo mau faʻu ha ngaahi fakamatala ʻe 2,015 talu mei hono fakaava ʻo e Wikipedia Tonga.

Kātaki lesisita kapau ʻoku teʻeki ke ke fai ia!.

Sai ʻaupito, ko koe ʻoku kau maí. ʻE lava ke ke kamata fakatonutonu.


Ko e kotoa ʻo ha'a tangata ʻoku fānauʻi mai ʻoku tauʻatāina pea tatau ʻi he ngeia mo e ngaahi totonu. Naʻe fakanāunauʻi kinautolu ʻaki ʻa e ʻatamai mo e konisenisi pea ʻoku totonu ke nau feohi ʻi he laumālie ʻo e nofo fakatautehina.

  • Ko e Uikipetia ʻeni maʻa lea faka-Tonga, ʻi Polinisia, mo e muli.
  • This is Wikipedia for the Tongan language, Polynesia, South Pacific.
  • Esta es Wikipedia en el idioma tongano, Polinesia, Pacífico Sur.
  • Ceci c'est Wikipédia en langue tongienne, Polynésie, Pacifique Sud.
  • Esta é a Wikipédia na língua tonganesa, Polinésia, Pacífico Sul.
  • Questa è Wikipedia in lingua tongana, Polinesia, Sud Pacifico.
  • Aceasta este Wikipedia în limba tongană, Polinezia, Pacificul de Sud.
  • Це Вікіпедія для тонганської мови, Полінезії, південної частини Тихого океану.
  • Это Википедия на тонганском языке, Полинезии, южной части Тихого океана.
  • 这是汤加语的维基百科，波利尼西亚，南太平洋。
  • 這是湯加語的維基百科，波利尼西亞，南太平洋。
  • これはトンガ語のウィキペディアです、ポリネシア、南太平洋。
  • এটি টোঙ্গান ভাষার জন্য উইকিপিডিয়া, পলিনেশিয়া, দক্ষিণ প্রশান্ত মহাসাগর।
  • .זוהי ויקיפדיה בשפה הטונגנית, פולינזיה, דרום האוקיינוס השקט
  • .هذه ويكيبيديا بالغة التونغية، بولينيزيا، جنوب المحيط الهادئ

Ko e lahi ʻo e ngaahi kupu kotoa he taimí ni: 2,015.

Ngaahi faʻahinga lahi

Faiva & Tohi

Faiva fakatonga — Hiva fakatonga — Lea fakatonga — mo e hā fua

Fakapuleʻanga

Palemia ʻo Tonga — mo e hā fua

Hisitōlia

Hisitōlia ʻo Tonga — Talatukufakaholo — mo e hā fua

Lotu

Talatupuʻa — mo e hā fua

Vaʻinga & Ako

Sipooti — Akoʻanga — mo e hā fua

ʻOku lolotonga…

KOVITI-19 — 22 Siulai 2020

FIEMAʻU

Kau ʻetita fie liliu ʻa e ngaahi kupu ʻi he lea fakapilitānia ki he lea fakatonga, vakai ki he hokohoko ʻi he Fale fakataha.

Ko e kiʻi tokoni ʻi heni.

Retrieved from "https://to.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peesi_tali_fiefia&oldid=43414"
Edit links